Nutrition Science Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the science of the nutrients in foods and their actions within the body?

  • Nutrition (correct)
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Biology

What does malnutrition refer to?

  • A balanced diet
  • Deviation from adequate nutrition (correct)
  • Undernutrition only
  • Overconsumption of nutrients

What are macronutrients?

  • Vitamins & minerals
  • Nutrients needed in large amounts
  • Carbohydrates, protein, fats, and water (correct)
  • Energy regulators

What are micronutrients?

<p>Vitamins &amp; minerals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a calorie?

<p>A unit of energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are essential nutrients?

<p>Nutrients that must be obtained from food (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

The Science of Nutrients

  • Nutrients in foods are biochemicals vital for growth, development, and overall health.
  • These nutrients interact within the body to sustain metabolic processes, support cellular functions, and provide energy.
  • Nutrient-dense foods contain a high level of vitamins, minerals, and other beneficial compounds relative to their calorie content.

Malnutrition

  • Refers to deficiencies, excesses, or imbalances in nutrient intake.
  • Can manifest as undernutrition (lack of essential nutrients) or overnutrition (excessive calorie or nutrient intake).
  • Associated with a range of health issues, including stunted growth, weakened immune function, and chronic diseases.

Macronutrients

  • Include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats—nutrients needed in larger quantities.
  • Carbohydrates serve as the primary energy source; fiber is a subcategory with digestive health benefits.
  • Proteins support tissue repair, muscle growth, and enzyme production; they are made up of amino acids.
  • Fats are vital for hormone production, nutrient absorption, and as an energy reserve; include saturated, unsaturated, and trans fats.

Micronutrients

  • Include vitamins and minerals required in smaller amounts to support various bodily functions.
  • Vitamins play crucial roles in metabolism, immunity, and overall health; examples include Vitamin C, Vitamin D, and B vitamins.
  • Minerals such as iron, calcium, and potassium are essential for bone health, oxygen transport, and nerve function.

Calorie

  • A unit of energy measurement; often referred to as kilocalories (kcal) in dietary contexts.
  • Represents the energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius.
  • Caloric intake is essential to maintain bodily functions and overall health; balance between calories consumed and expended is crucial for weight management.

Essential Nutrients

  • Nutrients that the body cannot synthesize on its own and must be obtained through diet.
  • Include certain amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals.
  • Essential nutrients are crucial for growth, disease prevention, and overall health maintenance.

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