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Questions and Answers
Which type of food is considered minimally processed and retains its natural nutrients?
A balanced diet includes only processed foods and junk food.
False
What is malnutrition?
A condition resulting from inadequate or excessive nutrient intake, affecting health.
As people age, their metabolism ______ down and their nutritional needs change.
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Which of the following diets is high in fats and low in carbohydrates?
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Match the health influencers to their impact on health:
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What nutritional adjustments might older adults need?
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Nutrient excess can lead to health problems such as vitamin toxicity.
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What is the recommended amount of sleep for optimal health?
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Chronic stress can lead to improved immune function.
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What are functional foods?
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A balanced diet is important because __________ can sometimes cause imbalances or health issues.
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Match the following food sources with their corresponding nutrients:
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Which of the following techniques can help in reducing stress?
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Canada's Food Guide provides recommendations for maintaining a balanced diet.
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What is one form of physical activity recommended each week?
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Study Notes
Nutrition
- Defined as the science studying interactions between living organisms and the substances consumed for sustenance.
- Aims to understand food's effects on health, growth, and overall well-being.
Food
- Any substance consumed to provide nutritional support, including solids, liquids, and semi-solids.
- Types of Food:
- Whole Foods: Minimally processed, retaining natural nutrients (e.g., fruits, vegetables, whole grains).
- Processed Foods: Altered from original state through processing (e.g., canned foods, snacks).
Diet
- Refers to the habitual intake of food and drink by an organism.
- Types of Diets:
- Balanced Diet: Varied foods in appropriate proportions to maintain health.
- Special Diets: Tailored for specific health conditions or goals (e.g., low-carb, low-fat).
Key Concepts
- Malnutrition: Resulting from inadequate or excessive nutrient intake, potentially affecting health.
- Nutrient Deficiency: Insufficient essential nutrients leading to health problems (e.g., iron deficiency causing anemia).
- Nutrient Imbalances: Can result in health issues such as metabolic syndrome or osteoporosis.
- Keto Diet: High-fat, low-carbohydrate diet inducing ketosis; may lead to malnutrition.
- Nutrient Excess: Overconsumption of certain nutrients can result in health problems (e.g., vitamin toxicity).
- Excess Nutrient Storage: Storing too many nutrients, especially fats and carbohydrates, can lead to obesity.
Impact of Aging
- Metabolism slows and nutritional needs change with age.
- Older adults often require fewer calories but more nutrients (e.g., calcium, vitamin D) for bone health.
- Food choices significantly affect the health of older adults.
Health Influencers
- Tobacco: Increases risks for heart disease, lung cancer, and respiratory disorders.
- Alcohol: Excessive consumption linked to liver disease and cardiovascular issues.
- Substance Abuse: Misuse of drugs can lead to severe health and psychological consequences.
- Physical Activity: Regular exercise enhances cardiovascular health and maintains healthy weight.
- Sleep: Aim for adequate sleep (7-9 hours) to prevent health issues like obesity and depression.
- Stress: Chronic stress contributes to high blood pressure, heart disease, and immune function decline.
- Home and Work Environment: Safe and supportive conditions promote well-being and reduce stress.
Health Practices
- Sleep: Emphasize quality and duration for optimal health.
- Exercise: Engage in moderate (150 mins) to vigorous (75 mins) weekly physical activity.
- Reduced Stress: Adopt techniques like mindfulness and meditation for stress management.
Nutritional Basics
- Carbohydrates: Primary energy source found in fruits, vegetables, and grains.
- Fats: Essential for cell function and hormone production; sourced from avocados, nuts, and oils.
- Proteins: Crucial for tissue repair and immune function; found in meat, beans, and dairy.
- Kilocalorie: Unit of energy measurement from food.
- Gram: Metric unit for measuring food and nutrients.
Supplements and Functional Foods
- Supplements:
- Elemental Diet: Nutrients in simplest form, used for severe digestive issues.
- Caution: Not a substitute for a balanced diet; potential for imbalances exists.
- Functional Foods: Provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition; may reduce disease risk (e.g., fortified foods, probiotics).
- Basic Foods: Whole foods rich in essential nutrients without additives (e.g., fruits, vegetables, whole grains).
Guidelines and Principles
- Canada’s Food Guide: Offers recommendations for a healthy diet, including food group proportions.
- ABCMV Principles:
- Variety: Ensure diverse food intake for balanced nutrition.
- Moderation: Prevent excessive consumption of any food type.
- Calorie Control: Manage calorie intake to maintain health.
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Description
Explore the fascinating field of nutrition that investigates how food affects health and well-being. This quiz covers key concepts such as types of food, diets, and the implications of malnutrition and nutrient deficiencies. Test your knowledge on balanced and special diets as well!
