Nutrition II:

What is the primary consequence of thiamine deficiency in the body?

Increased storage of thiamine in the liver
ATP depletion (correct)
Enhanced glucose breakdown
ATP production increase

What is the term for thiamine deficiency when it affects the nervous system?

Dry beriberi (correct)
Vitamin D deficiency
Polyneuritis
Wet beriberi

What is the daily recommended intake of thiamine for men aged 19 and older?

1.1 mg
0.9 mg
1.4 mg
1.2 mg (correct)

What is the estimated percentage of children worldwide under 5 years of age who suffer from vitamin and mineral deficiencies?

At least 50% (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of thiamine in the body?

Cofactor for multiple enzymes involved in glucose breakdown (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why is a daily intake of thiamine-rich foods necessary?

Because only small amounts of thiamine are stored in the liver (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of micronutrients in the body?

To maintain tissue function and facilitate metabolism (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which antioxidants limit damage?

Induction of apoptosis in damaged cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of superoxide dismutase in the body?

To dispose of the products of oxidation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between micronutrients and macronutrients?

Micronutrients are required in smaller quantities than macronutrients (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of glutathione peroxidase in the body?

To dispose of the products of oxidation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of dietary fibre in a healthy diet?

It is a key component of a healthy diet, although its exact role is unclear (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following health problems can develop from long-term riboflavin deficiency?

Brain and heart disorders, and some cancers (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of niacin in the body?

To convert nutrients into energy and repair DNA (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for niacin in pregnant women?

18 mg NE (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of NAD in the body?

To act as a coenzyme for pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between tryptophan and niacin?

The body can convert tryptophan to niacin (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a riboflavin deficiency on the thyroid?

It increases the risk of a deficiency (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of biotin in cellular reactions?

To function as a coenzyme in reactions involving CO2 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of tetrahydrofolate in pyrimidine synthesis?

To act as a carrier of single carbon units (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of prolonged biotin deficiency?

Muscle pain (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended daily intake of folate for pregnant women?

600 mcg DFE (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is NOT a risk factor for folic acid deficiency?

Vegetarian diet (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of intrinsic factor in the absorption of vitamin B12?

To facilitate the absorption of vitamin B12 in the small intestine (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential for individuals who regularly drink alcohol to consume a higher amount of folate?

Because alcohol can impair folate absorption (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended daily intake of vitamin B12 for pregnant women?

2.6 micrograms (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of folic acid in the body?

To form DNA and RNA (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of biotin deficiency?

Hair loss (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of the cobalamins?

They contain cobalt and a corrin ring (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms is NOT a sign of folic acid deficiency?

Jaundice (D) Signup and view all the answers