Nutrition II:
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary consequence of thiamine deficiency in the body?

  • Increased storage of thiamine in the liver
  • ATP depletion (correct)
  • Enhanced glucose breakdown
  • ATP production increase

    • What is the term for thiamine deficiency when it affects the nervous system?

  • Dry beriberi (correct)
  • Vitamin D deficiency
  • Polyneuritis
  • Wet beriberi

    • What is the daily recommended intake of thiamine for men aged 19 and older?

  • 1.1 mg
  • 0.9 mg
  • 1.4 mg
  • 1.2 mg (correct)

    • What is the estimated percentage of children worldwide under 5 years of age who suffer from vitamin and mineral deficiencies?

    <p>At least 50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of thiamine in the body?

    <p>Cofactor for multiple enzymes involved in glucose breakdown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is a daily intake of thiamine-rich foods necessary?

    <p>Because only small amounts of thiamine are stored in the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of micronutrients in the body?

    <p>To maintain tissue function and facilitate metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which antioxidants limit damage?

    <p>Induction of apoptosis in damaged cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of superoxide dismutase in the body?

    <p>To dispose of the products of oxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between micronutrients and macronutrients?

    <p>Micronutrients are required in smaller quantities than macronutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of glutathione peroxidase in the body?

    <p>To dispose of the products of oxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of dietary fibre in a healthy diet?

    <p>It is a key component of a healthy diet, although its exact role is unclear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following health problems can develop from long-term riboflavin deficiency?

    <p>Brain and heart disorders, and some cancers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of niacin in the body?

    <p>To convert nutrients into energy and repair DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for niacin in pregnant women?

    <p>18 mg NE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of NAD in the body?

    <p>To act as a coenzyme for pyruvate dehydrogenase complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between tryptophan and niacin?

    <p>The body can convert tryptophan to niacin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of a riboflavin deficiency on the thyroid?

    <p>It increases the risk of a deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of biotin in cellular reactions?

    <p>To function as a coenzyme in reactions involving CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of tetrahydrofolate in pyrimidine synthesis?

    <p>To act as a carrier of single carbon units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of prolonged biotin deficiency?

    <p>Muscle pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended daily intake of folate for pregnant women?

    <p>600 mcg DFE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is NOT a risk factor for folic acid deficiency?

    <p>Vegetarian diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of intrinsic factor in the absorption of vitamin B12?

    <p>To facilitate the absorption of vitamin B12 in the small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential for individuals who regularly drink alcohol to consume a higher amount of folate?

    <p>Because alcohol can impair folate absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended daily intake of vitamin B12 for pregnant women?

    <p>2.6 micrograms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of folic acid in the body?

    <p>To form DNA and RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of biotin deficiency?

    <p>Hair loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of the cobalamins?

    <p>They contain cobalt and a corrin ring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is NOT a sign of folic acid deficiency?

    <p>Jaundice</p> Signup and view all the answers

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