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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT one of the components of the female athlete triad?
Which of the following is NOT one of the components of the female athlete triad?
What does FATTOM stand for in the context provided?
What does FATTOM stand for in the context provided?
What is the main characteristic of persistent organic pollutants?
What is the main characteristic of persistent organic pollutants?
What is the primary impact of nitrate ototoxins on individuals?
What is the primary impact of nitrate ototoxins on individuals?
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Infant botulism can lead to which of the following symptoms?
Infant botulism can lead to which of the following symptoms?
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What is the defining characteristic of yeast as mentioned in the text?
What is the defining characteristic of yeast as mentioned in the text?
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During lactation, what nutrient do mothers need more of?
During lactation, what nutrient do mothers need more of?
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How many different stages of milk does a mother produce during pregnancy?
How many different stages of milk does a mother produce during pregnancy?
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What indicates that a baby is well hydrated?
What indicates that a baby is well hydrated?
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Why is getting enough healthy fats essential for toddlers?
Why is getting enough healthy fats essential for toddlers?
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Which two vitamins are commonly deficient in generally healthy children?
Which two vitamins are commonly deficient in generally healthy children?
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What type of food is commonly associated with Salmonella infection?
What type of food is commonly associated with Salmonella infection?
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Which of the following is not recommended for pregnant women to eat?
Which of the following is not recommended for pregnant women to eat?
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Which agency is responsible for overseeing the safety of most foods in Canada?
Which agency is responsible for overseeing the safety of most foods in Canada?
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What is the appropriate weight gain for pregnancy, according to the text?
What is the appropriate weight gain for pregnancy, according to the text?
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Why is some fish not recommended for pregnant women?
Why is some fish not recommended for pregnant women?
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Which nutrient is primarily concerned in the growth and development of adolescents aged 9-13?
Which nutrient is primarily concerned in the growth and development of adolescents aged 9-13?
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Which age group is most at risk for growth-related malnutrition due to dental health issues?
Which age group is most at risk for growth-related malnutrition due to dental health issues?
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What hormone inhibits the activity of osteoclasts, cells that break down bone?
What hormone inhibits the activity of osteoclasts, cells that break down bone?
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Which age group should increase their intake of Vitamin B12?
Which age group should increase their intake of Vitamin B12?
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Which class of BMI would Chris fall into if his BMI is 35?
Which class of BMI would Chris fall into if his BMI is 35?
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What is the recommended daily exercise duration for young children aged 4-8?
What is the recommended daily exercise duration for young children aged 4-8?
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Which B vitamin is also known as Cobalamin?
Which B vitamin is also known as Cobalamin?
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What class of obesity is a BMI equal to or greater than 40.0?
What class of obesity is a BMI equal to or greater than 40.0?
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When does lactic acid production occur in the body?
When does lactic acid production occur in the body?
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What is the primary factor that affects BMR?
What is the primary factor that affects BMR?
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What is carb loading and why is it used by endurance athletes?
What is carb loading and why is it used by endurance athletes?
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How long can muscles remain active using ATP as an energy source?
How long can muscles remain active using ATP as an energy source?
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Study Notes
Nutrition and Health
- Infants should not consume honey until they are at least 1 year old due to the risk of infant botulism.
- Salmonella is commonly found in contaminated food, such as raw or undercooked meat, poultry, eggs, and dairy products, as well as raw fruits and vegetables.
Pregnancy and Lactation
- Women should gain between 25-35 pounds (11.5-16 kg) during pregnancy.
- Eating fish with high mercury levels during pregnancy can cause brain damage and affect the baby's hearing and vision.
- Overweight and obese women are more likely to exceed weight gain recommendations during pregnancy.
- BMI affects weight gain during pregnancy, with overweight and obese women being more likely to exceed recommendations.
- A mother's need for iodine and choline increases during lactation.
- Breast milk has three stages: colostrum, transitional milk, and mature milk.
Growth and Development
- Children should get at least 60 minutes of exercise per day.
- Toddlers (1-3 years) need iron and calcium primarily.
- Children (4-8 years) grow at a rate of 5-10 cm per year.
- Adolescents (9-13 years) grow slowly and steadily, with girls growing 5-25 cm and boys growing 10-30 cm during puberty.
- Adolescents require calcium, iron, vitamins A and D, and other micronutrients.
Weight and Body Mass Index (BMI)
- BMI classes are: overweight (25.0-29.9), class 1 obesity (30.0-34.9), class 2 obesity (35.0-39.9), and class 3 obesity (≥40.0).
- A safe amount of weight to gain or lose in one week is 1-2 pounds.
Energy and Nutrition
- Carbohydrate loading is a strategy used by endurance athletes to maximize glycogen storage.
- Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) provides energy for muscles, which can remain active for seconds to minutes depending on factors like energy sources and fitness level.
- Factors that affect Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) include body size, lean muscle tissue, and body fat.
- Calcitonin regulates calcium levels in the blood, not bones.
Vitamins and Minerals
- The B vitamins include: Thiamine (B1), Riboflavin (B2), Niacin (B3), Pantothenic Acid (B5), Pyridoxine (B6), Biotin (B7), Folate or Folic Acid (B9), and Cobalamin (B12).
- Vitamin K is essential for coagulation.
- Toddlers often lack iron and vitamin D.
Pathogens and Toxins
- A pathogen is an organism that causes disease in its host.
- Yeast is a single-celled microorganism that is a member of the Fungi kingdom.
- FATTOM stands for Food, Acidity, Time, Temperature, Oxygen, and Moisture, which are factors that affect the growth of microorganisms.
- Persistent organic pollutants are resistant to degradation and can cause harm.
- Nitrate ototoxins can cause ear poisoning and impair hearing and balance.
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Description
Prepare for your nutrition final exam by reviewing B vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, B12) and understanding BMI classifications. Learn about B vitamin deficiencies, the role of Vitamin K in coagulation, and the different classes of BMI including overweight and obesity.