Nutrition and Water

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Questions and Answers

Which type of nutrient is made up of amino acid chains?

  • Carbohydrates
  • Protein (correct)
  • Vitamins
  • Fat

Which type of nutrient is important for fluid retention, energy production, and bone and blood health?

  • Water
  • Vitamins
  • Major minerals (correct)
  • Trace minerals

Which type of nutrient is vulnerable to destruction and can be either fat soluble or water soluble?

  • Protein
  • Carbohydrates
  • Vitamins (correct)
  • Minerals

Which type of nutrient is important for waste and nutrient transport, muscle contraction, nerve impulse, and body temperature regulation?

<p>Water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nutrient is needed in smaller quantities and includes vitamins and minerals?

<p>Micronutrients (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nutrient is a macronutrient and is stored in the body as fuel?

<p>Fat (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nutrient is important for energy production, bone and blood health, and fluid retention?

<p>Major minerals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nutrient is indestructible and does not produce energy?

<p>Minerals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nutrient assists in reactions to help maintain homeostasis?

<p>Vitamins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nutrient helps regulate blood volume?

<p>Sodium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT part of the acceptable macro distribution range (AMDR) for protein?

<p>45-65% kcal/daily (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does EER stand for?

<p>Estimated energy requirements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nutrient is the only one mentioned under Chronic Disease Risk Reduction intake (CDRR)?

<p>Sodium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three key principles of a healthy diet mentioned in the text?

<p>Energy balance, nutrient density, and adaptability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone increases hunger and stimulates appetite?

<p>Ghrelin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organ produces bile to help digestion and absorption?

<p>Liver (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme breaks down proteins?

<p>Protease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone stimulates gastric juices in the stomach?

<p>Gastrin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of pepsinogen in the stomach?

<p>Inactive protein digesting enzyme (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for digesting proteins in the stomach?

<p>Pepsinogen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells secrete pepsinogen in the stomach?

<p>Chief cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does most digestion and absorption occur in the gastrointestinal system?

<p>Small intestine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone stimulates the release of pancreatic juice and causes the gallbladder to release bile?

<p>CCK (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nutrients are transported from the small intestine to the liver through the hepatic portal vein?

<p>Water soluble nutrients (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are fat soluble vitamins and B vitamins stored in the body?

<p>Liver (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of gastrointestinal bacteria (GI flora) in digestion?

<p>Synthesize vitamins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system coordinates with the endocrine system during digestion?

<p>Nervous system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is secreted by the stomach wall and stimulates the release of hydrochloric acid?

<p>Gastrin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes ulcers in the gastrointestinal tract?

<p>HCI and pepsin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nutrient is important for fluid retention, energy production, and bone and blood health?

<p>Minerals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone stimulates the release of pancreatic juice and causes the gallbladder to release bile?

<p>Cholecystokinin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells in the stomach secrete pepsinogen?

<p>Chief cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates the pancreas to release bicarbonate into the small intestine?

<p>Secretin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does most digestion and absorption occur in the gastrointestinal system?

<p>Small intestine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of gastrointestinal bacteria (GI flora) in digestion?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a sensory data that influences food choices?

<p>Sound (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a learned factor that influences food choices?

<p>Weight (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones decreases hunger and increases after eating?

<p>Leptin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach?

<p>Breaks down carbohydrates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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