Nutrition and Vitamins Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the recommended daily allowance of retinol for adult men?

  • 800-1000 µg/day (correct)
  • 600 µg/day
  • 4800 µg/day
  • 2000 µg/day
  • Which of the following is a symptom of vitamin A toxicity?

  • Keratomalacia
  • Weight gain
  • Night blindness
  • Dermatitis (correct)
  • Which vitamin is primarily found in plant sources as carotene?

  • Vitamin C
  • Vitamin A (correct)
  • Vitamin B6
  • Vitamin K
  • What chemical term refers to all natural and synthetic forms of vitamin A?

    <p>Retinoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can prolonged deficiency of vitamin A lead to in terms of vision?

    <p>Nyctalopia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two broad classifications of vitamins?

    <p>Fat soluble and water soluble</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is specifically classified as a B-complex vitamin?

    <p>Vitamin B9 (Folic acid)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason that higher organisms must obtain vitamins from their diet?

    <p>Vitamins cannot be manufactured by the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about fat soluble vitamins is correct?

    <p>They are stored in the liver and adipose tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin was isolated from rice and led to the term 'vitamine'?

    <p>Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a deficiency disease associated with vitamin C?

    <p>Scurvy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended daily allowance of vitamin C for adults?

    <p>40-50 mg/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition could result from the impairment in collagen synthesis due to vitamin C deficiency?

    <p>Wound healing delay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following foods is NOT a source of vitamin C?

    <p>Meat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of oxidizing agents on vitamin C?

    <p>Destroys the vitamin's activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemical feature contributes to the acidic property of ascorbic acid (vitamin C)?

    <p>Enolic hydroxyl group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is vitamin C excreted from the body?

    <p>Excreted in urine as is or as metabolites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key role of Vitamin E in the body?

    <p>Prevents oxidative damage to cell membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is primarily involved in blood coagulation?

    <p>Vitamin K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause a deficiency in Vitamin K?

    <p>Loss of vitamin in feces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Vitamin E protect against free radicals?

    <p>By acting as a scavenger of free radicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What form of Vitamin K is found primarily in plant sources?

    <p>K1 (Phylloquinone)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a primary source of Vitamin K from animal sources?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition can result from hypervitaminosis K?

    <p>Haemolytic anaemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Vitamin E is FALSE?

    <p>It is hydrophilic in nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Vitamins

    • Vitamins are organic compounds needed in small amounts for normal biological function and maintenance for optimum growth and health.
    • E. coli synthesizes all vitamins
    • Higher organisms obtain vitamins from their diet.
    • Vitamins are required in small amounts, thus their degradation is relatively slow.
    • Hopkins coined the term accessory factors for essential nutrients.
    • Funk (1913) isolated an amine from rice and termed it vitamine (Greek for life).
    • McCollum and Davis (1915) classified vitamins as fat-soluble and water-soluble.

    Classification of Vitamins

    • Vitamins are broadly classified as fat-soluble and water-soluble.

    Fat-Soluble Vitamins

    • Stored in the liver and adipose tissue.
    • Not readily excreted in urine.
    • Made of isoprene units.
    • Examples include Vitamins A, D, E, and K

    Water-Soluble Vitamins

    • Not stored in large quantities.
    • Readily excreted in urine.
    • Heterogenous compounds.
    • Examples include Vitamin C and B vitamins.

    Vitamin A

    • Fat-soluble vitamin.
    • Found in animal products (e.g., retinol) and plant products (e.g., beta-carotene).
    • RDA: 800-1,000 µg/day as retinol or 4,800-6,000 µg/day as beta-carotene.
    • Plays a crucial role in vision, cell differentiation, and reproduction.
    • Deficiency can lead to night blindness, xerophthalmia, and keratomalacia.

    Vitamin D

    • Fat-soluble vitamin.
    • Produced in the skin through sun exposure. Also present in foods like fatty fish, fish liver oils, and egg yolk.
    • RDA: 400 IU or 10 mg of cholecalciferol
    • crucial for calcium and phosphorus absorption and bone health.
    • Deficiency can lead to rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults.

    Vitamin E

    • Fat-soluble vitamin.
    • Known as tocopherols/tocotrienols.
    • Acts as an antioxidant, protecting cell membranes from damage.
    • Found in vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds.
    • Deficiency is rare in humans.

    Vitamin K

    • Fat-soluble vitamin.
    • Found in vegetables and produced by intestinal bacteria.
    • Crucial for blood clotting.
    • Deficiency leads to increased blood clotting time.

    Vitamin B Complex

    • Water-soluble vitamins.
    • Essential for various metabolic processes.
    • Includes vitamins B1 through B12.
    • Each vitamin has specific functions and sources.

    Additional Notes

    • Excessive consumption of vitamin A can be toxic (hypervitaminosis A).
    • There are several coenzymes for vitamins, which are active forms involved in biochemical reactions.
    • Good sources of vitamins are fruits, vegetables, and animal products.
    • Recommended daily allowances (RDAs) vary by age and gender.
    • Deficiencies in vitamins can lead to various health problems.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on essential vitamins and their roles in nutrition with this quiz. Explore questions about vitamin A, B-complex vitamins, and the significance of vitamins in our diet. Challenge yourself and discover how well you understand the importance of these nutrients.

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