12 Questions
What type of amino acids cannot be produced by the body and must be obtained through diet?
Essential amino acids
What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?
To provide energy for the body
What is the primary function of fats in the body?
To provide energy and absorb vitamins
What is the term for a lack of specific nutrients in the diet?
Deficiency
What is the purpose of the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI)?
To provide daily nutrient intake recommendations for healthy individuals
What is the impact of nutrition on mental health?
Nutrition influences mental health, with a balanced diet supporting mood and cognitive function
What is the primary function of fiber in the digestive system?
To aid in digestion and satiety
Which of the following is a characteristic of micronutrients?
Essential for maintaining healthy skin, hair, and eyes
What is the primary source of vitamins in the diet?
Fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes
What is the consequence of a severe protein deficiency?
All of the above
Which mineral is essential for maintaining healthy bone density?
Calcium
What is the condition caused by a vitamin C deficiency?
Scurvy
Study Notes
Macronutrients
-
Carbohydrates:
- Provide energy for the body
- Found in grains, fruits, vegetables, and dairy products
- Types: simple (sugars), complex (starches, fiber)
-
Proteins:
- Build and repair tissues
- Found in animal products, legumes, and nuts
- Essential amino acids: cannot be produced by the body, must be obtained through diet
-
Fats:
- Provide energy and absorb vitamins
- Found in animal products, oils, and fatty fish
- Types: saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated
Micronutrients
-
Vitamins:
- Organic compounds required in small amounts
- Found in various foods, including fruits, vegetables, and animal products
- Types: fat-soluble (A, D, E, K), water-soluble (B, C)
-
Minerals:
- Inorganic elements required in small amounts
- Found in various foods, including fruits, vegetables, and animal products
- Types: macrominerals ( calcium, phosphorus), microminerals (iron, zinc)
Nutrition Recommendations
-
Dietary Reference Intake (DRI):
- Daily nutrient intake recommendations for healthy individuals
- Based on age, sex, and other factors
-
MyPlate:
- Visual guide for healthy eating
- Recommends: 50% fruits and vegetables, 30% grains, 20% protein and dairy
Nutritional Imbalances
-
Malnutrition:
- Insufficient or excess nutrient intake
- Can lead to health problems, such as stunted growth, weakened immune system
-
Deficiencies:
- Lack of specific nutrients, such as vitamin D or iron
- Can lead to health problems, such as rickets or anemia
Nutrition and Health
-
Chronic Diseases:
- Nutrition plays a significant role in preventing and managing diseases, such as heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers
-
Nutrition and Mental Health:
- Nutrition influences mental health, with a balanced diet supporting mood and cognitive function
Test your knowledge of nutrition basics, including macronutrients, micronutrients, nutrition recommendations, and the impact of nutrition on health and wellbeing.
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