Nutrition and Food Technology Chapter 2
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following factors does not affect the total calories required?

  • Eye color (correct)
  • Age
  • Body size
  • Surrounding temperature

    • What is the purpose of a bomb calorimeter?

  • To diagnose anorexia nervosa
  • To measure the calorific value of food (correct)
  • To calculate the total calories required
  • To determine the physical activities of an individual

    • Why do children require more calories than old people?

  • Because they have a slower metabolism
  • Because they are less active
  • Because they have a smaller body size
  • Because they are more active (correct)

    • What is the effect of consuming fast food and junk food?

    <p>Unhealthy eating habits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is anorexia nervosa?

    <p>A condition where an individual consumes too little food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do construction workers require more calories than clerks?

    <p>Because they are more active</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of nutrition in living organisms?

    <p>To produce energy for daily activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of anaemia?

    <p>Lack of iron in the diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the calorific value of carbohydrates per gram?

    <p>16.7 kJ/g-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Pinggan Sihat Malaysia introduced by the Ministry of Health (MOH) Malaysia?

    <p>To promote a balanced diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a diet that includes all classes of food in the right quantity?

    <p>Balanced diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a lack or an excess of any class of food in daily diet?

    <p>Malnutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which organisms obtain nutrients from food?

    <p>Nutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the instrument used to measure the calorific value of food?

    <p>Bomb calorimeter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Nutrition and Food Technology

    Balanced Diet

    • A diet that includes all the classes of food in the right quantity according to the individual's body requirement.
    • Comprises carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water.

    Nutrition

    • The process by which organisms obtain nutrients in food to produce energy and carry out life processes.

    Malnutrition

    • Lack or excess of any class of food in the daily diet, leading to health problems such as:
      • Anemia (iron deficiency)
      • Marasmus (carbohydrate deficiency)
      • Goitre (iodine deficiency)
      • Kwashiorkor (protein deficiency)
      • Rickets (vitamin D/calcium deficiency)
      • Scurvy (vitamin C deficiency)

    Pinggan Sihat Malaysia

    • A concept introduced by the Ministry of Health (MOH) Malaysia to promote healthy eating.

    Calorific Values of Different Classes of Food

    • Calorific value: the quantity of heat energy released when 1 gram of food is completely burnt.
    • 1 calorie: the total heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1°C.
    • Class of food and calorific value (kJ/g-1):
      • Carbohydrates: 16.7
      • Protein: 16.7
      • Fats: 37.6
    • 1 cal = 4.2 J

    Factors Affecting Total Calories Required

    • Age: children require more calories than older people.
    • Sex (gender): men require more calories than women.
    • Body size: a bigger body size requires more calories than a smaller body size.
    • Physical activities/occupation: construction workers require more calories than clerks.
    • Surrounding temperature: people in cold climates need more calories than those in hot climates.
    • Condition of health: sick people need more calories than healthy people.

    Effects of Intake Calories That Do Not Meet Individual Requirements

    • Lack of calories: may lead to anorexia nervosa.
    • Excess of calories: may lead to obesity and related health problems.
    • Consuming fast food and junk food: may lead to health problems due to lack of essential nutrients.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the basics of nutrition and food technology, including balanced diets, classes of food, and how organisms obtain nutrients. It is designed for students studying nutrition and food technology.

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