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Questions and Answers
What is a characteristic of a patient with malnutrition and a cachectic appearance?
What is a characteristic of a patient with malnutrition and a cachectic appearance?
- Normal waist-to-hip proportions
- Visceral proteins above normal
- Inadequate calorie and protein intake with decreased nutritional requirements
- Body weight and anthropometric measurements below normal (correct)
Which of the following is a nursing intervention for a patient with anorexia nervosa?
Which of the following is a nursing intervention for a patient with anorexia nervosa?
- Encouraging severe dietary restrictions
- Providing high-calorie supplements
- Fostering a positive body image (correct)
- Administering vitamin B3 supplements
A patient with bulimia nervosa is at risk for which of the following electrolyte imbalances?
A patient with bulimia nervosa is at risk for which of the following electrolyte imbalances?
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypernatremia
- Hyperkalemia
- Hypokalemia (correct)
What is a risk factor for acute gastritis?
What is a risk factor for acute gastritis?
What is a surgical option for managing obesity?
What is a surgical option for managing obesity?
A patient with metabolic syndrome is at risk for which of the following?
A patient with metabolic syndrome is at risk for which of the following?
What is a physical manifestation of anorexia nervosa?
What is a physical manifestation of anorexia nervosa?
What is a complication of anorexia nervosa?
What is a complication of anorexia nervosa?
What is a biochemical change associated with anorexia nervosa?
What is a biochemical change associated with anorexia nervosa?
Which of the following is a dietary recommendation for managing malnutrition?
Which of the following is a dietary recommendation for managing malnutrition?
What is a medication interaction to be aware of in patients with anorexia nervosa?
What is a medication interaction to be aware of in patients with anorexia nervosa?
Which of the following lifestyle changes can help manage obesity?
Which of the following lifestyle changes can help manage obesity?
What is a treatment for pellagra?
What is a treatment for pellagra?
What is the primary goal of vagotomy in the treatment of Peptic Ulcer Disease?
What is the primary goal of vagotomy in the treatment of Peptic Ulcer Disease?
Which of the following foods should be avoided by a patient with Peptic Ulcer Disease?
Which of the following foods should be avoided by a patient with Peptic Ulcer Disease?
What is a potential medication interaction for a patient with malnutrition?
What is a potential medication interaction for a patient with malnutrition?
What is the recommended daily intake of milk for a patient with Peptic Ulcer Disease?
What is the recommended daily intake of milk for a patient with Peptic Ulcer Disease?
What is a lifestyle change that may help manage anorexia nervosa?
What is a lifestyle change that may help manage anorexia nervosa?
What is a nursing intervention for a patient with anorexia nervosa?
What is a nursing intervention for a patient with anorexia nervosa?
What is the purpose of pyloroplasty in the surgical management of Peptic Ulcer Disease?
What is the purpose of pyloroplasty in the surgical management of Peptic Ulcer Disease?
Which of the following lifestyle changes is recommended for a patient with Peptic Ulcer Disease?
Which of the following lifestyle changes is recommended for a patient with Peptic Ulcer Disease?
What is the purpose of antrectomy in the surgical management of Peptic Ulcer Disease?
What is the purpose of antrectomy in the surgical management of Peptic Ulcer Disease?
What is the recommended exercise routine for a patient with Peptic Ulcer Disease?
What is the recommended exercise routine for a patient with Peptic Ulcer Disease?
What is the purpose of DBCT exercises in the nursing management of Peptic Ulcer Disease?
What is the purpose of DBCT exercises in the nursing management of Peptic Ulcer Disease?
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Study Notes
Malnutrition
- Below normal anthropometric measurements (height, weight, frame size, body mass index, mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC), waist-to-hip proportions)
- Visceral proteins below normal range
Eating Disorders
- Anorexia Nervosa: intentionally imposes severe dietary restrictions, resulting in weight loss, endocrine dysfunction, and fluid and electrolyte imbalance
- Body image is grossly distorted, and attitude toward eating is impaired
- Bulimia Nervosa: frequent binge eating and purging (vomiting) with similar distortions in attitudes toward weight and eating
Pellagra
- Vitamin B3 (Niacin) deficiency
- Clinical manifestations: scaly rashes (dermatitis), edema, mental changes
- Mucosal inflammation and insomnia
- Treatment: Niacin/Nicotinamide
Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
- Surgical interventions:
- Vagotomy: resection of the vagus nerves, resulting in decreased gastric motility and HCl secretion
- Pyloroplasty: surgical dilatation of the pyloric sphincter, improving gastric emptying
- Antrectomies: surgical resection of 50% of the distal part of the stomach followed by anastomosis with the duodenum or jejunum (Billroth I - Gastroduodenostomy)
Gastric Surgery
- Preop care: provide psychosocial support, teach the client DBCT (deep breathing, coughing, and turning) exercises
- Interprofessional collaborative management for patients undergoing gastric surgery
Physical Manifestations of Anorexia Nervosa
- Dizziness
- Dry, brittle hair
- Lanugo-type hair
- Low BP, pulse, ECG voltage
- Orthostasis
- Cachexia
- Biochemical changes: WBC-Up, Glucose-Down, Cholesterol-Up, Carotene-Up
- Stool retention
Gastritis
- An inflammation of the gastric mucosa, classified as either acute or chronic
- Risk factors:
- Foods with rough texture or those eaten at extremely high temperature
- Ingestion of corrosive agents
- Prolonged emotional tension
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