Nutrition in Adolescence and Eating Disorders

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Questions and Answers

What nutrient requirement significantly increases for females during adolescence due to menstruation?

Iron (correct)

Vitamin D

Folic Acid

Calcium

What is a common societal factor contributing to eating disorders in adolescents?

Media portrayal of thinness (correct)

High academic expectations

Supportive family environments

Increased physical activity

At what age do girls typically begin their adolescent growth spurt?

10 years (correct)

14 years

12 years

8 years

Which food choices tend to decline in quality during adolescence?

Fruits and vegetables Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of male athletes with anorexia nervosa are involved in a sport where body weight is critical?

45% Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of eating disorders typically starts during adolescence?

85% Signup and view all the answers

Which mineral is essential for bone growth during adolescence?

Calcium Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the three associated medical problems in the Female Triad?

Hypertension Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of rapidly declining diet quality during adolescence?

Heightened risk of nutrient deficiencies Signup and view all the answers

What is a common practice among male athletes to cope with perceived body image issues?

Frequent weighing Signup and view all the answers

How do the iron requirements for males change during adolescence?

Increases from 8 mg to 11 mg, then decreases Signup and view all the answers

What physiological consequence can result from low body fat in female athletes?

Amenorrhea Signup and view all the answers

Which group of athletes is particularly at risk for disordered eating due to weight requirements?

Endurance athletes Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential behavior linked to societal pressures on adolescents?

Disordered eating Signup and view all the answers

Which age range corresponds to the typical peak of growth for boys during adolescence?

12 to 13 years Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception among male athletes regarding their body image?

They see themselves as underweight and weak. Signup and view all the answers

Which serious health risk is associated with the combination of amenorrhea and excessive weight-bearing exercise?

Osteoporosis Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of male physical education students in a study showed signs of disordered eating?

20% Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant factor influencing athletic female's risk for developing osteoporosis?

Low body fat combined with amenorrhea Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of dissatisfaction associated with eating disorders?

Sociocultural influences combined with psychological factors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes Anorexia Nervosa?

Patients have a distorted self-perception of body size. Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential consequences of malnutrition in adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa?

Impaired bone mineralization and growth stunting Signup and view all the answers

Which behavior is characteristic of Bulimia Nervosa?

Binge eating followed by self-induced vomiting Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Binge Eating Disorder from Bulimia Nervosa?

Binge eating is less frequent without purging Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors contributes to the development of eating disorders in adolescents?

Sociocultural standards and dysfunctional family dynamics Signup and view all the answers

What is a common mental health issue associated with Bulimia Nervosa?

Feelings of shame and self-disgust due to bingeing Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the typical food choices made during binge episodes in Bulimia Nervosa?

Characteristically high-fat, high-carbohydrate foods Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between eating disorders and family dynamics?

Disagreement between parents on discipline may contribute. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true concerning the risk factors for eating disorders in adolescents?

Eating disorders are primarily found in high-income families. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Life Cycle Nutrition: Nutrition in Adolescence and Eating Disorders

Eating disorders will be discussed in the lecture
If images of people with eating disorders are triggering, use the blurred version of the lecture recording
The content is the same, but images have been blurred
The PDF of the slides have these images removed
The images are displayed in the textbook (Chapter 9 - Controversy)

The Teen Years

Teenagers are busy with school, part-time jobs, and extracurricular activities
They experience rapid body changes
Significant societal pressures from peers, media, and parents
Pressures to be thin, have clear skin, and get good grades can lead to risky behaviors
Risky behaviors include alcohol and drug abuse, overuse of supplements, and disordered eating

Adolescent Growth Spurt

Girls typically begin their growth spurt around age 10, peaking around age 12
Boys typically begin their growth spurt between ages 12 and 13, peaking around age 14
Girls gain more weight in body fat compared to boys

High Nutrient Requirements and Declining Diet Quality

Nutrient needs are high during the growth spurt
Diet quality may decline during this period
Teens may have increased independence in food choices, leading to less time spent at home and consuming more fast food, convenience food, and sugar-sweetened drinks

Low Intake of Fruits and Vegetables, and Milk

Teens tend to consume fewer fruits, vegetables, and milk products

Bone Growth in Adolescence

Rapid linear bone growth occurs at the epiphyseal plate (growth plate) of long bones
The growth plate closes near the end of puberty, limiting height growth
Large amounts of calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium are essential for bone mineralization
Peak bone mass is achieved in young adulthood; this determines overall bone health and risk of osteoporosis later in life
Physical activity (weight-bearing exercise) improves bone mineralization

Soft Drink and Milk Consumption

Data shows adolescents have high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages
Many adolescents do not meet the minimum daily recommendations for daily dairy intake

Iron Requirements for Adolescents

Iron requirements increase in males for lean muscle mass development
Requirements increase in females for lean mass expansion and menstruation
Iron requirements return to pre-adolescent levels in women later in life, at menopause

Eating Disorders in Adolescents

85% of eating disorders begin during adolescence
Eating disorders affect both males and females, but females are more frequently diagnosed
Body dissatisfaction can lead to restrictive eating behaviours, misuse of supplements, etc.

Eating Disorders in Adolescents & Young Adults: Anorexia Nervosa

Predominantly affects females (5-10% males)
Unrealistic goal of low body weight, intense fear of gaining weight
Distorted self-perception of body size
Signs of malnutrition may be present

Eating Disorders in Adolescents & Young Adults: Bulimia Nervosa

More prevalent than anorexia
Characterized by binge eating and compensatory behaviours (vomiting, laxatives, excessive exercise)
Binges usually involve large amounts of high-calorie food, and can potentially involve multiple binges per day
Compensatory behaviours are motivated by a fear of weight gain

Eating Disorders in Adolescents & Young Adults: Binge Eating Disorder

Generally characterized by restrictive food intake, with occasional episodes of binge eating
Often associated with feelings of lack of control and self-disgust; however, less likely to involve extreme behaviours like purging
This subtype is often considered the most treatable category

Eating Disorders in Athletes

Male athletes may have distorted body image, leading to disordered eating patterns
Male athletes may engage in frequent weighing, excessive exercise, and/or misuse of special diets or supplements

Eating Disorders in Athletes – The Female Triad

A combination of three interrelated conditions: disordered eating, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis
Pressure to achieve low body fat often leads to low energy, and nutrient intake in women
Low body fat can inhibit menstruation
Excessive weight-bearing exercise in athletes can cause bone mineral loss

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Description

This quiz covers the critical aspects of nutrition during adolescence, including the growth spurts of teenagers and the impact of societal pressures that lead to eating disorders. It addresses the associated risky behaviors and emphasizes the importance of understanding these challenges in adolescent life. Prepare to test your knowledge on these crucial topics!