Nutrition and Cardiovascular Diseases Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a significant dietary focus of the DASH Eating Plan?

Increased legume consumption over red meats (correct)

High fat foods

High sodium intake

Low potassium foods

Which micronutrients are linked to preventing and correcting hypertension?

Vitamin D and sodium

Zinc and vitamin A

Calcium, potassium, magnesium, vitamin C (correct)

Iron and omega-3 fatty acids

What percentage of Canadians aged 20 to 79 are affected by hypertension?

30% of both genders

24.5% of men and 21.5% of women (correct)

12% of men and 15% of women

Approximately 10% of men and 8% of women

What is one of the main concerns of hypertension in relation to chronic diseases?

It can complicate or interact with other chronic diseases negatively Signup and view all the answers

What dietary characteristic is NOT recommended by the DASH Eating Plan?

High intake of red meats Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of Canadians aged 65 and older are affected by hypertension?

More than 60% Signup and view all the answers

Which lifestyle factor is linked to hypertension in older adults?

Substantial alcohol consumption Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized in the DASH diet regarding nutrient intake?

Rich sources of potassium, magnesium, and calcium Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main measurements of blood pressure?

Systolic and diastolic pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a risk factor that can contribute to hypertension?

Atherosclerosis Signup and view all the answers

How can weight loss influence blood pressure levels?

Ten-pound weight loss can significantly lower blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which group of individuals is likely to be more sensitive to salt intake impacting their blood pressure?

People of African descent and those with a family history of hypertension Signup and view all the answers

What can the kidneys do in relation to blood pressure?

Filter waste out of the body in relation to blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

What effect does physical activity have on blood pressure?

Can lower blood pressure for 12 or more hours after exercise Signup and view all the answers

What is the upper limit for sodium intake recommended per day?

2,300 mg Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of atherosclerosis on blood pressure?

It creates a false signal to the kidneys causing a rise in blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chronic Diseases & Nutrition: Cardiovascular Diseases and Hypertension

Hypertension is a prevalent form of cardiovascular disease (CVD)
Individuals often experience no symptoms
Key indicators of blood pressure are systolic (ventricular contraction) and diastolic (relaxation) pressure

How Blood Pressure Works

Blood pressure is influenced by the heart's pumping action, the resistance in blood vessels (peripheral resistance), and blood volume
At the start of capillaries, blood pressure forces fluid and small molecules into the tissues
As blood travels through capillaries, large molecules like proteins are concentrated, and blood pressure decreases
Fluids and waste products are drawn back into the capillaries

Nutrition and Hypertension

Kidneys filter waste, and atherosclerosis can disrupt this process, causing a rise in blood pressure
Risk factors that contribute to hypertension include atherosclerosis, obesity, and insulin resistance

How Does Nutrition Affect Hypertension?

Losing weight, especially 10 pounds if overweight, can significantly lower blood pressure
Regular physical activity can lower blood pressure for 12+ hours
Sodium intake has a direct correlation with blood pressure; some individuals are more sensitive to salt
Increasing potassium intake may reduce salt sensitivity (UL = 2,300 mg/day)

7 Salty Myths

Sea salt (often perceived as healthier) usually has similar sodium content to table salt.
High sodium levels aren't only found in obvious salty foods; processed foods are a key source of sodium for many.
Some individuals who experience normal blood pressure may still benefit from reducing sodium intake, and lowering sodium helps reduce risks in the future
Cutting salt may not impact taste; spices, herbs, and citrus can enhance flavor.
Salt isn't always added during cooking; other sources of sodium include processed foods and certain medications.

Alcohol and Hypertension

Excessive alcohol consumption raises blood pressure

Calcium, Potassium, Magnesium, and Vitamin C

Diets rich in these nutrients are connected to preventing and correcting hypertension

DASH Eating Plan

DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) is a diet to manage or reduce blood pressure
The diet prioritizes low-sodium foods, and emphasizes potassium, magnesium, and calcium
The diet increases intake of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
It lowers fat and sodium intake, and emphasizes legumes over red meat

Hypertension and Chronic Disease

Hypertension is a common condition, especially among older Canadians (over 65), impacting more than 6 out of 10 in this age group
5 behavioral risk factors linked to hypertension have nutritional components.
Chronic conditions like hypertension can interact negatively with other chronic ailments, significantly increasing their impacts.
Prevalence of hypertension varies with age, and those with specific factors or conditions such as African descent/genetic history, diabetes, obesity, or kidney disorders may develop this condition at a higher probability.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the relationship between nutrition and cardiovascular diseases, specifically hypertension. This quiz covers how blood pressure functions, the effects of various health factors, and the role of nutrition in managing hypertension. Understand key concepts that link dietary habits to heart health.