Hypertension and Nutrition PDF

Chronic Diseases & Nutrition Cardiovascular Diseases and Hypertension Faculty of Science | Department of Biochemistry Nutrition and Hypertension One of most prevalent forms of CVD No symptoms you can feel Two important numbers:...

Chronic Diseases & Nutrition Cardiovascular Diseases and Hypertension Faculty of Science | Department of Biochemistry Nutrition and Hypertension One of most prevalent forms of CVD No symptoms you can feel Two important numbers: Systolic pressure Ventricular contraction Diastolic pressure Relaxation Faculty of Science | Department of Biochemistry How Blood Pressure Works Faculty of Science | Department of Biochemistry Nutrition and Hypertension Blood pressure Kidneys work with the body’s blood pressure to filter waste out of the body Atherosclerosis fools the kidneys, which subsequently causes a rise in blood pressure Risk factors that precipitate hypertension: Atherosclerosis Obesity Insulin resistance Faculty of Science | Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science | Department of Biochemistry How Does Nutrition Affect Hypertension? Weight control Lose weight if overweight Ten‐pound weight loss can significantly lower blood pressure Physical activity Can lower blood pressure for 12+ hours after exercise Faculty of Science | Department of Biochemistry How Does Nutrition Affect Hypertension? Salt, sodium Direct relationship between salt intake and blood pressure Some people are more sensitive to salt in the diet Those of African descent, people with a family history of hypertension, older people, and those with kidney problems, diabetes Increasing potassium may improve salt sensitivity UL = 2,300 mg/day Faculty of Science | Department of Biochemistry https://www.heart.org/en/healthy‐living/healthy‐eating/eat‐smart/sodium/7‐salty‐sodium‐myths‐busted‐infographic Faculty of Science | Department of Biochemistry How Does Nutrition Affect Hypertension? Alcohol If consumed in high doses, increases blood pressure Calcium, potassium, magnesium, vitamin C Diets providing adequate intakes of these micronutrients are linked with preventing and correcting hypertension Faculty of Science | Department of Biochemistry The DASH Eating Plan Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) is an eating plan to lower or control high blood pressure. The DASH diet emphasizes foods that are lower in sodium as well as foods that are rich in potassium, magnesium and calcium — nutrients that help lower blood pressure. DASH recommends significant increases in fruit and vegetable intakes, provides 30% of its Calories from fat, emphasizes legumes over red meats, restricts sodium, and is in line with other recommendations of Canada’s Food Guide. https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy‐lifestyle/nutrition‐and‐healthy‐eating/in‐depth/dash‐diet/art‐20047110 Faculty of Science | Department of Biochemistry Hypertension and Chronic Disease Hypertension is a very prevalent condition in the Canadian population. The population prevalence of hypertension among Canadians aged 20 to 79 was found to be significantly higher for men (24.5%) than for women (21.5%). 44% with one of the top 10 chronic disease and hypertension can complicate or interact with other chronic diseases in a negative way. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/82‐003‐x/2019002/article/00001‐eng.htm https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/11‐627‐m/11‐627‐m2019007‐eng.htm https://www.canada.ca/en/public‐health/services/chronic‐diseases/prevalence‐canadian‐adults‐infographic‐2019.html Faculty of Science | Department of Biochemistry Hypertension and Chronic Disease Hypertension is a very prevalent condition in the Canadian population For the population of Canadians 65 years of age or older hypertension effects more than 6 of every 10 people. 5 of the 6 most common behavioral risk factors are tied to nutritional factors. DeGuire J, Clarke J, Rouleau K, Roy J, Bushnik T. Blood pressure and hypertension. Health Reports 2019; 30(2): 14‐21. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/11‐627‐m/11‐627‐m2019007‐eng.htm Leung AA, Bushnik T, Hennessy D, McAlister FA, Manuel DG. Risk factors for hypertension in Canada. Health Reports 2019; 30(2): 3‐13. https://www.canada.ca/en/services/health/publications/diseases‐conditions/prevalence‐chronic‐disease‐risk‐factors‐canadians‐aged‐65‐years‐older.html