Nursing Mobility and Musculoskeletal System
32 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which muscle type is responsible for involuntary movement and is only found in the heart?

  • Skeletal
  • Voluntary
  • Smooth
  • Cardiac (correct)

    • What type of bone is primarily responsible for weight-bearing in the skeleton?

  • Irregular bones
  • Flat bones
  • Long bones (correct)
  • Short bones

    • What process involves the continuous replacement of old bone with new bone?

  • Remodeling (correct)
  • Repair
  • Development
  • Formation

    • Which classification of bone is characterized by a unique shape and found in the vertebrae?

    <p>Irregular bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of muscle functions voluntarily and is attached to the skeleton by tendons?

    <p>Skeletal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bone provides mechanical protection for internal organs?

    <p>Flat bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the small, cube-shaped bones found in the wrists and ankles classified as?

    <p>Short bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of bones?

    <p>Conduct nerve impulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term mobility refer to?

    <p>The ability to move and perform activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of nursing in relation to mobility?

    <p>To assist in preserving, maintaining, and restoring mobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many muscles are there in the human body?

    <p>More than 600</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the four properties of a muscle?

    <p>Flexibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when a resting muscle is stimulated?

    <p>It becomes positively charged and active</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is ambulation defined as?

    <p>The ability to walk from place to place independently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does contractibility refer to in muscle properties?

    <p>The ability to shorten and then relax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key challenge in building and maintaining muscles?

    <p>High demand for oxygen and glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cartilage in the body?

    <p>It offers flexibility and support in various areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which movement describes turning the palm upwards?

    <p>Supination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of postural misalignment is characterized by an abnormally rounded upper back?

    <p>Kyphosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated by prolonged immobility in the body?

    <p>Detrimental effects on major systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following movements involves decreasing the angle between two bones?

    <p>Flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which postural misalignment describes the loss of curvature in the spine?

    <p>Flat back</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the movement that involves pointing toes downward away from the body?

    <p>Plantarflexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint movement involves moving a limb away from the baseline?

    <p>Abduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the initial impacts of immobility on joints?

    <p>Stiffness, pain, and limited range of motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is activity intolerance?

    <p>An inadequate amount of energy to undergo necessary activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes proper positioning?

    <p>Aligning the body in a neutral position to eliminate pressure points</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of prolonged immobility?

    <p>Formation of fibrofatty connective tissue and abnormal adhesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is activity tolerance?

    <p>The ability to successfully complete a necessary activity without distress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the concept of 'venous stasis' refer to?

    <p>Stagnation of blood flow due to immobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a goal of proper positioning and alignment?

    <p>Encouragement of excessive movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates proper body mechanics from improper body mechanics?

    <p>Proper mechanics involve using gravity to assist movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Mobility/Activity

    • Dr. Paola Reyes is a DNP, PHN, CMSRN, CHEP
    • Mobility is another word for motion or movement
    • Bodies are designed for motion using muscles, skeleton, and nerves together
    • Nursing goals include preserving, maintaining, and restoring mobility as much as possible
    • Ambulation is the ability to walk from place to place independently

    Musculoskeletal System

    • "Musculoskeletal" is a general term for muscles and the skeleton
    • The muscles provide the power for movement, and there are over 600 muscles in the human body
    • Muscles account for half of a person's weight
    • When contracted across a joint, muscles create force to pull against the skeleton
    • Muscles require large amounts of oxygen and glucose for function, making it difficult to maintain them

    The Four Properties of a Muscle

    • Contractibility: The ability to shorten and relax
    • Excitability: Muscle fibers receive and respond to nerve/hormone stimulation. When stimulated, they become charged
    • Extensibility: The ability to stretch, simultaneously with other muscles contracting
    • Elasticity: The ability to return to the original state after contraction/extension.

    Three Main Muscle Types

    • Cardiac: Located in the heart, involuntary
    • Smooth: Located in blood vessels, visceral organs; involuntary
    • Skeletal: Attached to bones by tendons; voluntary

    Functions of a Muscle (Mnemonic)

    • M: Muscles
    • C: Contract and
    • P: Pull to
    • G: Generate
    • M: Movement

    The Skeletal System

    • Made up of 206 different bones
    • Bones provide rigid structure and shape
    • Bones are the body's weight-bearing organ, providing protection
    • Bones support and protect internal organs and store minerals
    • Bones are composed of layers, not solid structures
    • Bones provide structure but can't move independently

    Classifications of Bones

    • Long Bones: Weight-bearing, longer than wide (e.g., humerus)
    • Short Bones: Small and cube-shaped (e.g., wrist and ankle bones)
    • Flat Bones: Thin and flat (e.g., skull, ribs, sternum)
    • Irregular Bones: Unique shapes (e.g., vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx)
    • Sesamoid Bones: Formed within tendons and provide protection (e.g., patella)

    Remodeling

    • Once matured, bones constantly remodel, replacing old bone with new bone

    Cartilage

    • A firm, yet flexible connective tissue
    • Found in many areas, such as ears, nose, larynx, ribs, intervertebral discs, knees, and ankles

    Types of Movements

    • Flexion: Reduces the angle between bones
    • Extension: Straightens the limb
    • Abduction: Moves away from baseline
    • Adduction: Moves closer to baseline
    • Pronation: Turns to face backwards
    • Supination: Turns to face forward
    • Circumduction: Circular motion
    • Rotation: Side-to-side
    • Inversion: Turns inward
    • Eversion: Turns outward
    • Dorsiflexion: Draws toes upward
    • Plantarflexion: Points toes downward

    Body Mechanics

    • The combined effort of skeletal and nervous systems
    • Involves maintaining posture, alignment, and balance
    • Knowledge of body movements and systems necessary for maximizing strength, minimizing strain
    • Good posture is important in good body mechanics

    Types of Postural Misalignments

    • Lordosis: Inward curve of lower back, pelvis tilted anteriorly
    • Kyphosis: Abnormally rounded upper back, pelvis tilted forward
    • Flat Back: Loss of spine curvature, straightening of the back
    • Sway Back: Lower back and pelvis tilting forward, head positioned forward
    • Scoliosis: C- or S-shaped spine curvature

    Immobility

    • Inability to move one or more body parts
    • Negatively affects all major bodily systems and may lead to dependence
    • Impacts include stiffness, pain, limited range of motion in joints
    • Causes fibrofatty tissue formation and abnormal joint adhesions that reduce nourishment
    • Prolonged immobility causes blood flow to slow (venous stasis), increasing clotting risk

    Assessment of Mobility

    • Activity intolerance: Insufficient energy for activity
    • Activity tolerance: Ability to complete activity without distress
    • ADL (Activities of Daily Living): Essential skills needed for daily living, performed independently (personal care, etc.)

    Proper Positioning

    • Intentional placement of the body or body parts
    • Aligns the body in a neutral position, supports natural curves, and avoids pressure points
    • Aims to prevent hyperextension, rotation, and promote client well-being and prevent harm

    Proper Body Mechanics

    • Differentiating between proper and improper body mechanics
    • Important when performing any activity involving a client

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Mobility/Activity PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers essential concepts in nursing related to mobility and the musculoskeletal system. It explores the importance of movement, the role of muscles and skeleton, and the key properties of muscles. Perfect for nursing students seeking to enhance their understanding of human movement.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser