Nursing Fundamentals Final Exam
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Questions and Answers

What is the optimal blood pH for most bodily functions?

  • 7.35
  • 7.4 (correct)
  • 7.45
  • 7.5
  • What is the normal range for serum sodium levels in milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L)?

  • 120-130
  • 130-140
  • 140-150
  • 135-145 (correct)
  • What is the normal range for partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in millimeters of mercury (mmHg)?

  • 75-100 (correct)
  • 60-80
  • 70-90
  • 80-110
  • What is the normal range for hemoglobin levels in adult females in grams per deciliter (g/dL)?

    <p>12.1-15.1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the emotional response to loss, including feelings of sorrow, sadness, and longing?

    <p>Grief</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the experience of being deprived of something valuable or meaningful, including the loss of a loved one?

    <p>Loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the document that outlines an individual's preferences regarding medical treatment and interventions?

    <p>Living will</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the care that focuses on enhancing quality of life and managing symptoms, especially for patients with terminal illnesses?

    <p>Hospice care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the gradual decline or deterioration of physical, cognitive, or emotional functions, often seen in people nearing end of life?

    <p>Fading away</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the state of chronic and continuous self-sacrifice and prolonged exposure to difficult situations that affect a healthcare professional's physical and emotional well-being?

    <p>Compassion fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using an incentive spirometer?

    <p>To help patients cough and deep breathe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of elevated calcium levels?

    <p>Decreased phosphate levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of supination, adduction, abduction, and rotation?

    <p>They are types of muscle movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of turning a patient with a UAP?

    <p>To prevent pressure injuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Tchovest sign?

    <p>It is a sign of hypoxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of conduction in the heart?

    <p>It is the process of electrical conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the stages of grieving?

    <p>They are stages of emotional response to loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of perforation, rupture, obstruction, and erosion?

    <p>They are types of complications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of primary and secondary intention?

    <p>They are types of healing processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for serum potassium levels in millimoles per liter (mmol/L)?

    <p>3.5 to 5.0 mmol/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the wasting of muscle and adipose tissue due to lack of nutrition?

    <p>Atrophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for urine specific gravity?

    <p>1.005 to 1.030</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in blood?

    <p>PaCO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for hematocrit levels in adult males?

    <p>41% to 54%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the experience of being deprived of something valuable or meaningful, including the loss of a loved one?

    <p>Loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for fasting blood glucose levels in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL)?

    <p>70 to 100 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the document that designates a person/healthcare proxy to make medical decisions on an individual if they are unable to make that decision themselves?

    <p>Health care power of attorney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for serum magnesium levels in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL)?

    <p>1.7 to 2.2 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the patient and family-centered care that optimizes the quality of life by anticipating?

    <p>Palliative care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of teaching patients how to cough and deep breathe after abdominal surgery?

    <p>To prevent atelectasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of knowing the different stages of grieving in patient care?

    <p>To facilitate communication with family members</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of administering hypertonic solutions?

    <p>To shift fluids from the intracellular to the extracellular space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of knowing the attachment theory in patient care?

    <p>To understand the patient's emotional response to illness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using an incentive spirometer in patient care?

    <p>To promote deep breathing and lung expansion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of knowing the levels of fluid and electrolytes in patient care?

    <p>To manage fluid balance and electrolyte levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of turning a patient with a UAP?

    <p>To prevent pressure injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of conduction in the heart?

    <p>To regulate the heartbeat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of administering nutrition to patients?

    <p>To provide energy and support growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of knowing the laboratory results in patient care?

    <p>To monitor the patient's response to treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

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