Questions and Answers
What can happen if a diabetic patient has taken his/her normal dose of insulin but has been NPO since midnight?
go into insulin shock
When lifting a patient, what must you remember?
keep your back straight
If you determine that a patient is in need of CPR, what should be your first response?
call for help
What type of shock is caused by loss of blood due to a knife or gunshot wound?
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Which of the following describes a paraplegic?
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A professional assessment of a patient's health will require which of the following?
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Which of the following is an example of good body mechanics?
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Which of the following would be considered an example of negative non-verbal communication?
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Which of the following best describes the Fowler position?
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What is the most common work-related problem among health care workers?
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While radiographing a patient with chest tube drainage, which of the following actions must be taken?
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For a patient with I.V. therapy, how high above the vein should the container of solution be kept?
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What is the type of shock that is caused by a failure of the heart to pump enough blood to the vital organs?
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If CPR is NOT started within _______ of cardiac arrest, there will be brain damage due to lack of oxygen.
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While in an operating room, what precautions can be taken to minimize the explosive hazard?
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Which of the following sites would be best for IV therapy?
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"Touching a patient without permission" is the legal definition of what?
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What stage of grieving is the terminally ill patient in when he/she begins to deal with his/her pain or illness?
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What type of shock can result from a severe reaction to the contrast media used in radiographic exams?
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Which of the following procedures would require an informed consent form to be completed?
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What is the normal range of diastolic pressure for adults?
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A written page or spoken word are examples of which of the following components of communication?
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Which of the following conditions would be considered "easy to penetrate"?
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Which of the following conditions would be considered "hard to penetrate"?
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When is an IV considered to be infiltrated?
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What is the most severe form of convulsive seizures?
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Which of the following may cause a patient to faint?
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A patient in a diabetic coma needs which of the following?
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According to the American Heart Association's guidelines, what is the correct order for administering basic life support (CPR)?
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When transferring a patient from a wheelchair to the x-ray table, which action would you do first?
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A radiographer's primary responsibility is to which of the following?
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While in the operating room, which of the following is NOT considered a sterile area?
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An unconscious patient whose skin is dry and has a fruity odor on his/her breath is a classic example of what?
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According to Elizabeth Kubler-Ross, what is the first stage of the grieving process?
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During a myelogram, what position is the patient in when his head is put lower than his feet?
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If a patient's I.V. site becomes puffy and swollen, what should the radiographer do?
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What should be your first action if a patient is bleeding profusely from an open leg wound?
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If a patient convulses in the x-ray department, the radiographer should do which of the following?
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The "threat of touching a person in a harmful manner" is the legal definition of what?
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What is the first thing you should do if a patient who is standing turns pale and says he feels dizzy?
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Which of the following is NOT a legal right of a patient in the radiology department?
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When inserting an enema tip, what position is the patient in?
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Which of the following individuals is responsible for getting a patient's informed consent?
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Which of the following should be done when moving a patient with a broken arm?
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Which of the following would describe an ambulatory patient?
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Where should a patient's urinary bag be kept while transferring him/her from the stretcher to the x-ray table?
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If someone needs to hold a patient during a radiographic procedure, who should be asked?
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What is the usual rate of flow for an adult IV in use?
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The patient in insulin shock who is still conscious requires which of the following?
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What is the best way to move a heavy object?
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Which of the following symptoms would you expect to see if a patient was in shock?
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According to Maslow's hierarchy, which of the following is a person's most basic need?
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A patient with a head injury should be kept in which of the following positions?
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What is the proper procedure for turning a disabled patient on an x-ray table?
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Study Notes
Insulin and Diabetes Management
- Diabetic patients can go into insulin shock if they take insulin and are NPO (nothing by mouth).
- Patients with diabetic coma require additional insulin for stabilization.
Patient Handling and Body Mechanics
- Maintain a straight back while lifting patients to prevent injury.
- Bend from the knees when lifting to utilize proper body mechanics.
Emergency Preparedness
- Call for help immediately if CPR is necessary.
- Apply direct pressure to profuse bleeding wounds for immediate care.
Types of Shock
- Hypovolemic shock occurs due to severe blood loss, such as from a knife or gunshot wound.
- Cardiogenic shock results from the heart's inability to pump enough blood.
- Anaphylactic shock can develop from severe allergic reactions, often related to medical situations.
Patient Assessment and Communication
- A comprehensive assessment encompasses observation of physical condition, mental state, and cultural background.
- Effective communication must include consideration of non-verbal cues, like avoiding crossed arms.
Patient Positions
- Fowler position is characterized by feet being lower than the head.
- Trendelenburg position involves the head being lower than the feet.
- Semi-erect position is preferred for patients with head injuries.
Informed Consent and Legal Aspects
- Informed consent is required for certain procedures, such as a cerebral angiogram.
- Battery is defined as touching a patient without permission; assault is the threat of harmful contact.
Vital Signs and IV Management
- Normal adult diastolic pressure ranges between 60-90 mm Hg.
- I.V. solution containers should be kept 18-20 inches above the vein for proper flow.
Seizures and Neurological Events
- Grand mal seizures represent the most severe form of convulsive episodes.
- In cases of convulsions, prioritizing patient safety is crucial to prevent injuries.
Patient Handling Techniques
- When transferring patients from a wheelchair to a table, align the wheelchair at a 45-degree angle for safer movement.
- Support the entire arm when someone has a broken arm to avoid further injury.
Patient Rights and Responsibilities
- Patients have rights in a healthcare setting but cannot demand extra studies.
- A radiographer's primary responsibility is to cater to the patient’s needs.
Hygiene and Safety Precautions
- To minimize explosive hazards in the operating room, maintain cleanliness of equipment and wear appropriate attire.
Miscellaneous Medical Knowledge
- IVs are considered infiltrated if fluids leak into surrounding tissue.
- A patient's urinary bag should be positioned below the bladder during transfers.
Psychological Stages of Grief
- Denial is the first stage in the grieving process, as identified by Kubler-Ross.
- Acceptance occurs when terminally ill patients begin reconciling their condition.
Basic Life Support Guidelines
- CPR order according to AHA: Circulation, Airway, Breathing (CAB).
- Essential first actions in emergencies include positioning the patient lying down if they exhibit signs of dizziness.
General Patient Care
- Keep a patient's drainage tube below the chest during radiography to prevent backflow.
- Care for a conscious patient in insulin shock with a source of sugar to restore balance.
IV Flow Rates
- The typical flow rate for an adult IV is about 20 drops per minute.
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Description
Test your knowledge on essential nursing principles with these flashcards. Cover topics such as patient care, emergency responses, and diabetes management. Perfect for nursing students preparing for exams or clinical practice.
