NUR 235 Exam 2 Review

Talking about exam questions with others, especially those who haven't taken the test, is a violation of academic integrity.

The exam is designed to assess your understanding of the material, not to trick you. Don't stress too much about the questions, focus on understanding the content.

Everyone must complete the pre-test procedures before the test can officially begin. Be patient and understanding if there are delays.

Refrain from making noise or gathering in the hallway right after the test. Allow students still taking the test to focus.

The test includes approximately 40 questions, and you'll have one hour to complete them.

The process of moving air in and out of the lungs. It involves inspiration (breathing in) and expiration (breathing out).

The movement of gases (like oxygen and carbon dioxide) across a membrane, from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Essential for gas exchange in the lungs.

The normal pH range of blood is 7.35-7.45. Maintaining this pH is crucial for optimal cellular function and enzyme activity.

When the body's pH becomes too acidic (below 7.35). This can be caused by various factors like kidney failure or increased acid production.

The process of maintaining a stable internal environment in the body, including pH balance. This involves multiple systems like buffer systems, the respiratory system, and the kidneys.

The study of the body's response to disease, including how the body functions abnormally.

The process by which the body repairs damaged tissues, involving inflammation, cell regeneration, and scar formation.

The body's natural defense system that identifies and eliminates harmful substances like bacteria, viruses, and toxins.

The process by which microorganisms enter the body and cause infection.

Inflammation is the body's response to injury or infection, characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain.

A clinical scenario presenting symptoms related to a specific disease, often used to assess understanding of pathophysiology.

Applying critical thinking to scenarios to analyze underlying concepts, using clinical knowledge to draw conclusions and make informed decisions.

The ability to understand complex concepts beyond memorization, recognizing the underlying principles and applying them to different situations.

A condition where the amount of air reaching the alveoli does not match the amount of blood flowing through the capillaries, leading to inefficient gas exchange.

A type of ventilation-perfusion mismatch where gas exchange is impaired due to thickened or damaged alveolar membranes, reducing oxygen and carbon dioxide transfer.

A condition where the heart is unable to pump blood effectively, leading to reduced blood flow throughout the body.

A state of inadequate tissue perfusion, resulting in insufficient oxygen and nutrient delivery to cells.

A group of respiratory conditions characterized by airflow obstruction, chronic inflammation, and mucus hypersecretion, leading to impaired breathing and oxygen exchange.

A type of chronic bronchitis characterized by persistent inflammation and excess mucus production in the bronchi, leading to recurrent cough and airway obstruction.

A type of COPD characterized by destruction of the alveolar walls, leading to air trapping and reduced gas exchange.

A chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing, triggered by allergens, irritants, or other factors.