Nucleic Acids and DNA Functions
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Questions and Answers

What is the role of nucleic acids in cells?

  • They provide energy for cellular activities.
  • They are involved in the structural integrity of the cell.
  • They code for genetic information and control the cell's life. (correct)
  • They facilitate intracellular communication.

Which of the following is true of DNA?

  • It is solely responsible for protein synthesis.
  • It contains ribose sugars in its structure.
  • It is primarily located in the cytoplasm.
  • It is a polymer made of nucleotides. (correct)

What are the two types of nucleic acids?

  • DNA and RNA (correct)
  • Ribose and Deoxyribose
  • RNA and Proteins
  • DNA and Amino Acids

Which sugar is found in RNA nucleotides?

<p>Ribose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the genes located within a cell?

<p>In the chromosomes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do complementary base pairing and the hydrogen bonds between bases play in DNA replication?

<p>They ensure accurate replication of DNA by aligning bases correctly. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is primarily responsible for synthesizing new DNA strands during replication?

<p>DNA polymerase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What initiates the process of DNA replication?

<p>The separation of the two DNA strands. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does DNA ensure a high fidelity during replication?

<p>By utilizing a proofreading mechanism during replication. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is DNA considered capable of evolving?

<p>Since it can undergo mutations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Genes

A key component of chromosomes that contains genetic information.

Nucleotides

They are the building blocks of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA).

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)

A type of nucleic acid found primarily in the nucleus, it stores and transmits genetic information.

RNA (Ribonucleic acid)

A type of nucleic acid found primarily in the cytoplasm, it helps in protein synthesis.

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Cell

The basic unit of life, containing all the necessary components for an organism to function.

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What is DNA replication?

DNA replication is the process by which a DNA molecule creates an identical copy of itself. It is essential for cell division and passing on genetic information.

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What is DNA polymerase?

DNA polymerase is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in DNA replication. It moves along a single strand of DNA, adding complementary nucleotides to create a new strand.

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How do DNA strands separate during Replication?

The separation of the two DNA strands during replication is achieved by breaking the hydrogen bonds that hold complementary bases together.

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What is complementary base pairing?

The complementary base pairing ensures that the correct nucleotides are added during DNA replication. Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T), and Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C).

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Why is DNA so long?

DNA is a very long molecule, allowing it to store a vast amount of genetic information. This information is responsible for directing the development and functioning of an organism.

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