Notable Figures in Science and Mathematics

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Questions and Answers

Mazurka is to Polish as Fandango is to which nationality?

  • Spanish (correct)
  • Polish
  • Russian
  • German

Myopia is to nearsightedness as hyperopia is to what condition?

  • farsightedness (correct)
  • squint
  • blink
  • double-vision

Dyslexia is to reading as aphasia is to which ability?

  • speech (correct)
  • memory
  • muscle coordination
  • eye movement

The role of a maitre d’ in a restaurant is equivalent to which of the following roles for a busboy?

<p>waiter’s help (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Figurine corresponds to small figure as heroine corresponds to what?

<p>female hero (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Xerox is to photocopier as Adidas is to which type of product?

<p>athlete’s shoes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sayonara means Goodbye, whereas Bonjour means what?

<p>Good day (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Theme is to main idea as moral is to which concept?

<p>a value (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pythagorean Theorem is associated with Pythagoras. Which mathematician is known for the Cubic Equation?

<p>Tartaglia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Pythagorean Theorem relates to right triangles. Which equation represents the relationship between the sides of a right triangle?

<p>$a^2 + b^2 = c^2$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In geometry, which of the following represents a three-dimensional form that can be analyzed through dimensions of lengths, widths, and heights?

<p>Cube (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mathematician is best known for his contributions to geometry and is often highlighted for the Pythagorean Theorem?

<p>Pythagoras (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the length of the diagonal of a rectangle, determined using the Pythagorean Theorem?

<p>Diagonal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which geometric concept is described as the study of the properties and relations of points, lines, surfaces, and solids?

<p>Geometry (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental formula to calculate the area of a rectangle?

<p>Length × Width (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identifying characteristics of geometric shapes is crucial. Which shape has three sides?

<p>Triangle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many meters of fencing are required to enclose a rectangular garden measuring 84 meters by 48 meters?

<p>264m (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the width of a rectangle whose length is 2 cm less than twice its width and whose perimeter is 50 cm?

<p>9 cm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If one side of a triangle is 3 cm longer than the shortest side, and the other side is 4 cm longer than the shortest side with a total perimeter of 67 cm, what is the length of the shortest side?

<p>23 cm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the question 'How many flowers are needed to border a rectangular garden?', what geometric concept does this question illustrate?

<p>Perimeter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many 1-cm square stickers are necessary to cover a photo box measuring 4 cm long, 3 cm wide, and 5 cm high?

<p>88 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If VNS Inc. bought 1,320 pens at Php 0.125 each, what is the total cost of the pens before tax?

<p>Php 165 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a problem involving a 5% sales tax on a total purchase, if VNS Inc. bought supplies costing Php 3,451.25 before tax, what would be the total after tax?

<p>Php 3,728.55 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the new sale price of a movie that is marked down by 20%, if its original price was Php 440?

<p>Php 352 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Notable Individuals and Terms

  • John Logie Baird: Pioneer in television technology.
  • William Sony: Not recognized in connection with John Logie Baird; possibly a confusion with Sony Corporation.
  • John Vincent Crowe: Context unclear, no significant contribution linked.
  • Howard Aiken: Developed the Mark I computer, a significant advancement in computing.

Astronomy and Historical Theories

  • Ptolemy's model placed Earth at the center of the universe.
  • Copernicus proposed the heliocentric model, placing the Sun at the center.
  • Theoretical contributions by Aristotle and Galileo are also significant in the history of astronomy.

Mathematics and Equations

  • Pythagorean Theorem attributed to Pythagoras; fundamental in geometry.
  • The cubic equation is linked to Tartaglia, an early mathematician known for his work on solving such equations.

Chemistry Contributions

  • Henry Cavendish: Discovered hydrogen through experiments.
  • Joseph Priestley: Known for the discovery of oxygen; vital in the field of chemistry.

Historical Alliances

  • Allied Powers during WWI included Russia; Central Powers included Austria-Hungary.
  • France, Britain, and Italy were prominent members of the Allies.
  • Entourage refers to attendants; a cortege specifically refers to a funeral procession.
  • Islet is a small island; rivulet denotes a small river.
  • Conspicuous means obvious; hideous means ugly, representing an antonymous pair.
  • Terms like nasal for nose and abdominal for abdomen show related terminology in anatomy.

Philosophical Definitions

  • An agnostic doubts the existence of God, while an atheist denies it outright.
  • Infanticide involves killing infants, genocide refers to the systematic killing of a racial or social group.

Everyday Terms and Their Functions

  • A latrine is synonymous with a toilet, while a lavatory refers more broadly to a bathroom.
  • Masticate means to chew; eradicate means to throw away or eliminate completely.

Psychological and Sociological Concepts

  • Sadism is the pleasure in inflicting pain, whereas masochism is the pleasure in receiving pain.

Cultural References

  • Mazurka is a Polish folk dance; fandango is a lively Spanish dance.

Optical Conditions

  • Nearsightedness is called myopia; farsightedness is known as hyperopia.

Language Basics

  • Xerography is a type of photocopying; Adidas represents a well-known brand of athletic shoes.
  • Sayonara means goodbye, while Bonjour translates to good day in French.

Mathematical Concepts

  • Superfluous means excessive; to supersede refers to taking the place of something else.
  • Nativity relates to Christmas, while senakulo refers to a dramatization of the Passion of Christ during Holy Week.

Literary Concepts

  • Theme indicates the main idea of a work; moral conveys a lesson or value derived from a story.

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