30 Questions
What is the term used to describe microorganisms that are normally present in the body but cause infection when found in a different part of the body?
Infectious agents
Which term describes the growth of microorganisms in body tissue where they are not usually found?
Infection
What is the term for an infection that produces no clinical evidence of disease?
Asymptomatic
Which term refers to the collective vegetation of microorganisms in a given area of the body?
Resident flora
What is the term used to describe the freedom from disease-causing microorganisms?
Asepsis
Which term describes the ability of microorganisms to produce disease?
Virulence
What is the main difference between colonization and infection?
Colonization refers to microorganisms invading the body, while infection refers to microorganisms residing as flora.
What differentiates a local infection from a systemic infection?
A local infection is limited to a specific part of the body
What are the two main sources of microorganisms that cause nosocomial infections?
Clients themselves and hospital personnel
When does an infection become a disease?
When the signs and symptoms are unique and distinguishable
What is the direct result of iatrogenic infections?
Diagnostic or therapeutic procedures
How is droplet spread considered in terms of transmission mechanisms?
A form of direct transmission
What term is used when a culture of a person's blood reveals microorganisms?
Bacteremia
What factor determines the extent to which a microorganism can produce an infectious process?
Pathogenicity of the microorganisms
Which of the following is considered a vector in transmission mechanisms?
Flying insect
How do acute infections differ from chronic infections?
Chronic infections may last months or years, while acute infections last a short time.
Which of the following is NOT a common reservoir for microorganisms?
Carriers with no clinical signs
What is the role of fomites in indirect transmission?
Introduce the infectious agent into a host
What distinguishes nosocomial infections from other types of infections?
They originate in the hospital setting
Who is considered the most common source of infection for others and for themselves?
People
How does direct transmission differ from indirect transmission?
Direct involves immediate person-to-person transfer, while indirect involves intermediate means.
What term is used for a person or animal reservoir that does not show clinical signs of disease?
Carrier
Which activity can lead to droplet spread according to the text?
Sneezing
What distance is mentioned for droplet spread to occur?
1 meter (3 feet)
How can transmission occur through airborne droplets?
By inhaling droplet nuclei from a contaminated environment
What is a susceptible host in the context of infection?
Any person who is at risk for infection
Which of the following is not a means of transmission mentioned in the text?
Direct contact with skin
Why is a break in the skin significant in terms of infection?
It allows microorganisms to enter the body easily
What role does the respiratory tract play as a portal of entry for microorganisms?
It is a common entry point for infectious agents
Why are compromised hosts more susceptible to infections?
Impairment of the body’s natural defenses and other factors increase their susceptibility
Test your knowledge on nosocomial infections, iatrogenic infections, and factors contributing to these infections in healthcare settings. Learn about the sources of microorganisms, how healthcare-associated infections occur, and the impact on patients and healthcare personnel.
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