10 Questions
What is the IUPAC name of the compound CH3-CH=CH2?
But-1-ene
Provide the IUPAC name for the compound CH3-CH2-C≡C-CH3.
Pent-2-yne
What is the IUPAC name of the compound CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-C≡CH?
Hept-1-yne
What is the name of the alkyl group obtained by removing a hydrogen atom from an alkane?
Alkyl group
How are the branches or substituents named in branched chain alkanes?
The names of alkyl groups attached as branches are prefixed to the name of the parent alkane and the position of the substituents is indicated by the appropriate numbers.
What are the rules recommended by IUPAC for naming a branched chain alkane?
- Select the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms. 2. Number the carbon atoms of the parent chain in such a way that the branched carbon atoms get the lowest possible numbers. 3. Prefix the names of alkyl groups attached as branches to the name of the parent alkane and indicate the position of the substituents by appropriate numbers.
What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH3?
3-Ethyl-6-methyloctane
Why are the prefixes sec- and tert- not considered to be part of the fundamental name in IUPAC nomenclature of alkanes?
They are not considered part of the fundamental name because they do not indicate the actual position of the substituent in the molecule.
How are identical substituent groups indicated in IUPAC nomenclature?
Identical substituent groups are indicated by using prefixes like di, tri, tetra, penta, etc., and the numbers are separated by commas.
In the IUPAC nomenclature, why is the carbon atom of the branch that attaches to the root alkane numbered as 1 when naming branched alkyl groups?
The carbon atom of the branch that attaches to the root alkane is numbered as 1 to establish a consistent numbering system and provide clarity in naming.
Study Notes
IUPAC Nomenclature of Alkanes
- The IUPAC name of the compound CH3-CH=CH2 is Prop-1-ene.
- The IUPAC name of the compound CH3-CH2-C≡C-CH3 is 2-Butyne.
- The IUPAC name of the compound CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-C≡CH is 1-Hexyne.
Alkyl Groups
- The alkyl group obtained by removing a hydrogen atom from an alkane is called an alkyl group.
- Alkyl groups are named by replacing the -ane suffix of the alkane with -yl.
Branches and Substituents in Branched Chain Alkanes
- Branches or substituents in branched chain alkanes are named as alkyl groups.
- The chains are numbered starting from the end that is closest to the branch.
IUPAC Rules for Naming Branched Chain Alkanes
- The parent hydrocarbon chain is the longest continuous chain in the molecule.
- The parent chain is numbered from the end that is closest to the branch.
- The branches are named as alkyl groups and are numbered based on their position on the parent chain.
- The prefixes di-, tri-, and tetra- are used to indicate the number of identical substituent groups.
Specific Compound Names
- The correct IUPAC name for the compound CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH3 is 2,4,4-Trimethylpentane.
Sec- and Tert- Prefixes
- The prefixes sec- and tert- are not considered to be part of the fundamental name in IUPAC nomenclature of alkanes.
- They are used to indicate the type of carbon atom that a substituent is attached to.
Identical Substituent Groups
- Identical substituent groups are indicated by the prefixes di-, tri-, and tetra-.
Branch Carbon Atom Numbering
- The carbon atom of the branch that attaches to the root alkane is numbered as 1 when naming branched alkyl groups.
- This is because the branch is considered to be a substituent of the parent chain.
Test your knowledge on the nomenclature of branched chain alkanes, which involves understanding functional groups, alkyl groups, and common branch names like methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl.
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