نماذج الاتصال
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Questions and Answers

ما هو تعريف الاتصال حسب إدجار ديل؟

  • هو نقل المعلومات من شخص لآخر.
  • أسلوب يساهم في المشاركة بالأفكار والمشاعر في حالة تبادلية متزنة. (correct)
  • التفاعل بين المتعلم و بيئته.
  • عملية تتضمن المرسل و المستقبل و الرسالة و الوسيلة.
  • ما هو المصدر الأساسي للأفكار في عملية الاتصال، حسب نموذج أرسطو؟

  • الأسلوب
  • الاختراع (correct)
  • العرض
  • الذاكرة
  • ما هو العنصر الذي يمثل اللغة المُستخدمة في عملية الاتصال، حسب نموذج أريسطو؟

  • الذاكرة
  • العرض
  • الأسلوب (correct)
  • الاختراع
  • ما هي المرحلة التي تساهم في استدعاء وأثر المعرفة المكتسبة، وفق نموذج أريسطو؟

    <p>الذاكرة</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ما الذي يمثّله نموذج كارول في عملية الاتصال؟

    <p>لغة اللفظية</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ما هو العنصر الذي يمثّل مصدر المعلومات في نموذج شانون و ويفر؟

    <p>المُصدر</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ما هو دور المستقبل في نموذج شرام لعملية الاتصال؟

    <p>جميع ما سبق</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ما هو العنصر الذي يغيب في نموذج برلو لعملية الاتصال؟

    <p>البيئة</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ما هي الأسئلة التي يعتمد عليها نموذج لاسويل؟

    <p>من يقول؟ ماذا يقول؟ لمن يقول؟ عبر أي قناة؟ بأي تأثير؟</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ما هو العنصر الذي يؤثر على عملية الاتصال حسب نموذج وينر ؟

    <p>التشويش</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ما هو دور المُستقبل في نموذج كينث؟

    <p>فك ترميز الرسالة</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ما هي العناصر التي تشكل قنوات الاتصال في نموذج بيترسون؟

    <p>الحواس الخمس</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ما هو العنصر الذي يرتبط بالاتصال التنظيمي في نموذج لويس؟

    <p>وسائل الإرسال</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ما هي العوامل التي تؤثر على إنتاج و استقبال الرسائل في نموذج توبس وموس؟

    <p>الكلا من العوامل الداخلية و الخارجية</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ما هو مفهوم الانتقاء في نموذج توبس و موس؟

    <p>جميع ما سبق</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ما هو مفهوم الضوضاء في نموذج توبس وموس؟

    <p>جميع ما سبق</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ما هي العوامل التي تؤثر على فهم الرسائل في نموذج توبس وموس؟

    <p>جميع ما سبق</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Communication Models

    • Various definitions of communication exist, lacking a single, universally agreed-upon definition. This stems from communication's multifaceted nature, as it permeates all aspects of human life.
    • Edgar Dale defines communication as a method for sharing ideas and emotions in a balanced, reciprocal manner.
    • Communication is a dynamic process, influenced by factors like integration and interaction between its components. It involves transferring, exchanging, and sharing experiences & intellectual approaches with others to elicit a response aligned with objectives.

    Communication Models:

    • Diverse models try to define communication by outlining elements and content.

    Aristotelian Model (Aristotle):

    • Verbal communication is a crucial element in aiding adaptation to the environment through specific channels.
    • Key channels include:
      • Invention: The source of ideas to form the message.
      • Disposition: Structuring and sequencing the discourse.
      • Style: The language used in verbal or written communication.
      • Memory: Enhancing retention of learned information from communication.
      • Delivery: Vocal qualities used to convey the message, including tone and dynamics of the situation.

    Carroll Model (Carroll):

    • Relies on verbal language.
    • The speaker/sender delivers experiences through a chain of consecutive decisions to convey the message as a series of successive sound waves.
    • The listener/receiver analyzes the speaker's intended symbolic behavior to decode and understand the message, responding accordingly.

    Shannon-Weaver Model:

    • Includes fundamental elements of communication: source, sender, initial communication signal and exchange of experiences, receiver, objective, channel of communication, and potential interference/noise.

    Schramm Model:

    • Highlights the dynamic interaction between sender and receiver.
    • Each party performs similar functions, and one can potentially substitute the other based on each party's experience.
    • Communication is a circular, not linear, process. The structure of learning resources influences encoding/symbol creation, decoding, and the receiver's interpretation based on pre-existing mental frameworks.

    Berlo Model:

    • Contains four interacting elements (sender, receiver, message, feedback) but ignores the situational context.

    Lasswell Model:

    • Lasswell's model considers fundamental aspects of communication, highlighted by these questions: Who says what? To whom? Through what channel? With what effect?
    • The "who" isn't necessarily the sender/educator/speaker, but rather any source of learning materials (printed material, programmed instruction or visuals).
    • "What?" pertains to the content of the message.
    • "To whom?" refers to target audience/learner.
    • "Through what channel?" refers to the medium for conveying the message.
    • "With what effect?" assesses the message's impact on the receiver.

    Weiner Model:

    • Focuses on the core elements of communication (sender, receiver, message, transmission medium, regardless of form, whether signals or feedback).

    Kenneth Model:

    • Resembles the Schramm model in elements and the roles of sender and receiver in encoding and decoding.

    Peterson Model:

    • Includes sender, receiver, message, and communication channel.
    • Sensory channels (sight, hearing, touch, taste, smell) are responsible for conveying messages based on communication skills, attitudes, knowledge, social systems, and the culture of the communication.

    Lewis Model:

    • One of the organizational/engineering communication models prioritizing inputs and outputs in communication.
    • Focuses on roles of sender/source and receiver in transmitting messages through electromagnetic waves or electronic sources(e.g., media).
    • Includes nonverbal cues (facial expressions, tone/pitch of voice, body language, gestures, eye contact, time and space).
    • Aims to avoid noise or interference in communication.

    Tubbs & Moss Model:

    • Illustrates communication interactions in daily life between sender and receiver.
    • Communication influences each other, meaning the intended message and goal can change depending on received feedback.
    • Highlights the influences of internal and external factors on the process of sending and receiving messages.
    • Emphasizes five key components of human interaction within the model.
      • Inputs: Stimuli providing information about the world.
      • Selection: All inputs and sensations controlling communication, impacting message comprehension abilities. Limits are divided into sensory perceptual filters and psychological limitations (attitudes, cultural contexts, biological limitations).
      • Communication Channel: Methods and techniques for conveying messages.
      • Noise: Interference impacting communication. It manifests in various forms, occurring at any stage of communication.
      • Time: An ongoing process with adaptability in communication interactions.

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    Description

    يتناول هذا الاختبار نماذج الاتصال المختلفة وتعريفات التواصل المتنوعة. سنكتشف كيف أن الاتصال هو عملية ديناميكية تؤثر عليها عوامل متعددة. يتضمن الاختبار نموذج أرسطو كأساس لفهم مكونات الاتصال.

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