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Nosocomial Infections in ICU: Epidemiology Lecture

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Nosocomial Infections in ICU: Epidemiology Lecture

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Questions and Answers

What percentage of hospitalized patients will have a urinary catheter for part of their stay?

25-30% (correct)

45-50%

10-15%

35-40%

Which factor decreases local host defenses and contributes to the pathogenesis of catheter-associated urinary tract infections?

High urine pH

Rapid urine flow

Bladder trauma (correct)

Low bacterial load

What is the most common source of uropathogens causing catheter-associated urinary tract infections?

Rapid urine flow

Patient's own enteric flora (E. coli) (correct)

Cross contamination of drainage systems

Exogenous contamination

Which condition is NOT considered a risk factor for nosocomial urinary tract infections?

Regular handwashing Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important measure to prevent nosocomial urinary tract infections?

Discontinuing catheters as soon as possible Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the increased risk of nosocomial infections in ICU patients?

The frequent contact with health care workers due to the use and maintenance of catheters Signup and view all the answers

Which multidrug-resistant pathogen is being isolated with increasing frequency in ICUs?

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Signup and view all the answers

What was the overall rate of device-associated infection in the surveillance study mentioned?

14.7 percent or 22.5 infections per 1000 ICU days Signup and view all the answers

What was the rate of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) in the surveillance study?

24.1 cases/1000 ventilator days Signup and view all the answers

What type of infections had a rate of 8.9/1000 catheter days in the surveillance study?

Catheter-associated urinary tract infections Signup and view all the answers