Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was a major requirement for a law to be passed under the Articles of Confederation?
What was a major requirement for a law to be passed under the Articles of Confederation?
States were given the power to regulate commerce and collect taxes under the Articles of Confederation.
States were given the power to regulate commerce and collect taxes under the Articles of Confederation.
False
Who led the uprising known as Shays' Rebellion?
Who led the uprising known as Shays' Rebellion?
Daniel Shays
The __________ Ordinance of 1787 established rules for statehood and prohibited slavery in the north-west territories.
The __________ Ordinance of 1787 established rules for statehood and prohibited slavery in the north-west territories.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following achievements or problems with their related descriptions:
Match the following achievements or problems with their related descriptions:
Signup and view all the answers
Which French settlement was established in 1608 and who was its founder?
Which French settlement was established in 1608 and who was its founder?
Signup and view all the answers
The Treaty of Paris 1763 resulted in France gaining control of all lands east of the Mississippi River.
The Treaty of Paris 1763 resulted in France gaining control of all lands east of the Mississippi River.
Signup and view all the answers
What was the outcome of the Deerfield massacre in 1707?
What was the outcome of the Deerfield massacre in 1707?
Signup and view all the answers
The British ultimately established themselves as the world's supreme naval power after the __________ War.
The British ultimately established themselves as the world's supreme naval power after the __________ War.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following events with their corresponding outcomes:
Match the following events with their corresponding outcomes:
Signup and view all the answers
What was the purpose of Benjamin Franklin's Albany Plan of Union?
What was the purpose of Benjamin Franklin's Albany Plan of Union?
Signup and view all the answers
The Proclamation of 1763 allowed British colonists to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains.
The Proclamation of 1763 allowed British colonists to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains.
Signup and view all the answers
Which act created a tax on every piece of paper in the colonies?
Which act created a tax on every piece of paper in the colonies?
Signup and view all the answers
The Colonists were in favor of the Currency Act because it helped stabilize their economy.
The Colonists were in favor of the Currency Act because it helped stabilize their economy.
Signup and view all the answers
What was the 'virtual representation' argument made by British officials?
What was the 'virtual representation' argument made by British officials?
Signup and view all the answers
The _____ Act required Colonists to house and supply British troops in their homes.
The _____ Act required Colonists to house and supply British troops in their homes.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following acts with their primary effect:
Match the following acts with their primary effect:
Signup and view all the answers
What action did the Sons of Liberty take against tax collectors?
What action did the Sons of Liberty take against tax collectors?
Signup and view all the answers
The Declaratory Act repealed the Stamp Act without any further implications.
The Declaratory Act repealed the Stamp Act without any further implications.
Signup and view all the answers
What did the colonists argue regarding representation and taxation?
What did the colonists argue regarding representation and taxation?
Signup and view all the answers
The protests against the Stamp Act led to the establishment of the _____, where colonists sent representatives to discuss the taxation.
The protests against the Stamp Act led to the establishment of the _____, where colonists sent representatives to discuss the taxation.
Signup and view all the answers
Which event did George Washington undertake on December 25, 1776, to boost morale?
Which event did George Washington undertake on December 25, 1776, to boost morale?
Signup and view all the answers
The Declaration of Independence was written primarily by Benjamin Franklin.
The Declaration of Independence was written primarily by Benjamin Franklin.
Signup and view all the answers
What percentage of the population were Patriots during the American Revolution?
What percentage of the population were Patriots during the American Revolution?
Signup and view all the answers
The __________ were loyal to the British crown and made up about 16% of the colonial population.
The __________ were loyal to the British crown and made up about 16% of the colonial population.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the battles with their outcomes:
Match the battles with their outcomes:
Signup and view all the answers
What was one consequence of Burgoyne’s march on Albany?
What was one consequence of Burgoyne’s march on Albany?
Signup and view all the answers
Hyperinflation during the American Revolution was caused by increased trade with Britain.
Hyperinflation during the American Revolution was caused by increased trade with Britain.
Signup and view all the answers
Which general led the American forces to victory at the Battle of Saratoga?
Which general led the American forces to victory at the Battle of Saratoga?
Signup and view all the answers
The 1768 Treaty of Paris officially recognized American __________ from Britain.
The 1768 Treaty of Paris officially recognized American __________ from Britain.
Signup and view all the answers
Why did Britain struggle to maintain control in the American colonies?
Why did Britain struggle to maintain control in the American colonies?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the main purpose of the Declaratory Act passed in March 1766?
What was the main purpose of the Declaratory Act passed in March 1766?
Signup and view all the answers
The Boston Massacre involved the deaths of five colonists, including Crispus Attucks.
The Boston Massacre involved the deaths of five colonists, including Crispus Attucks.
Signup and view all the answers
What was the primary argument presented by John Dickinson regarding taxation?
What was the primary argument presented by John Dickinson regarding taxation?
Signup and view all the answers
The __________ Acts of 1774 were intended to punish Boston for the Boston Tea Party.
The __________ Acts of 1774 were intended to punish Boston for the Boston Tea Party.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following events with their outcomes:
Match the following events with their outcomes:
Signup and view all the answers
Which act was designed to punish New York until it obeyed the Quartering Act?
Which act was designed to punish New York until it obeyed the Quartering Act?
Signup and view all the answers
Colonial merchants supported boycotts against British goods, even if it negatively affected their businesses.
Colonial merchants supported boycotts against British goods, even if it negatively affected their businesses.
Signup and view all the answers
What was the significance of the Suffolk Resolves?
What was the significance of the Suffolk Resolves?
Signup and view all the answers
The __________ Act lowered the price of tea to encourage consumption but was viewed suspiciously by colonists.
The __________ Act lowered the price of tea to encourage consumption but was viewed suspiciously by colonists.
Signup and view all the answers
What was the outcome of King George III's response to the Olive Branch Petition?
What was the outcome of King George III's response to the Olive Branch Petition?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
New France and Conflicts with Britain
- French Settlements: Quebec (1608), Samuel de Champlain, St. Lawrence River, Great Lakes, Mississippi River.
- French Economy: Beaver fur trade, leading to exploration, small population, primarily Catholic.
- French-Indigenous Relations: Champlain allied with Huron, fought Iroquois (British allies), Iroquois resisted French settlements, and allied with British. Interest in the Caribbean (sugar and rum).
- French-English Tensions: French forts from Quebec to New England (Detroit, New Orleans) were established to counter British expansion. Robert de La Salle explored the Mississippi to halt Spanish expansion.
- Imperial Wars: France vs. England, primarily fought by colonists and trappers (guerilla warfare). Both sides allied with Indigenous peoples (French-Algonquin, British-Iroquois).
Treaty of Utrecht (1713) and King George's War (1744-1748)
- Treaty of Utrecht: Ended Queen Anne's War, Britain gained Nova Scotia, Hudson Bay, Newfoundland, and trading rights in Spanish America.
- King George's War: Started as the War of Jenkins' Ear (1739), fought against Spain (Caribbean and Georgia), French allied with Spain, New Englanders captured French Fort Louisbourg (1745), peace treaty exchanged Louisbourg for Madras (India).
French and Indian War (Seven Years' War, 1754-1763)
- Causes: British settlers encroached on French claims in the Ohio River valley. Iroquois lost support of the French presence and supported the British.
- Fort Duquesne: French built forts to protect claims in the Ohio valley, British General Braddock's defeat at Fort Duquesne (1755) due to poor preparation and guerilla warfare tactics of Native Americans.
- William Pitt: British Secretary of State, shifted focus from West Indies to Canada, increased commitment in America, and promised to fund the war.
- Quebec (1759) and Montreal (1760): British victories led to the defeat and removal of French presence in North America.
-
Albany Congress (1754): Attempt to unite American colonies for defense against French led by Benjamin Franklin; rejected.
- Albany Plan of Union: Proposed a unified colonial government with a Grand Council elected by colonial legislatures; rejected by colonies and King George II.
- Treaty of Paris (1763): France ceded Canada and lands east of the Mississippi River to the Appalachian Mountains to Britain; France retained sugar islands (Martinique and Guadeloupe) in the West Indies; Spain ceded Florida to Britain in exchange for Cuba.
Effects of the French and Indian War
- British Victory: Established Britain as the world's supreme naval power.
- American Frustrations: Americans felt not adequately recognized, and were insulted (condescension),
- Quartering Act: Americans had to provide housing for British soldiers.
- Salutary Neglect: British policy of lax enforcement of laws in the American colonies, and Americans' increased reluctance to provide soldiers/trade difficulties.
- American Benefits: Gained military experience, discovered commonality between colonies, and eliminated French threat.
Roots of Revolution (1763-1775)
- British Debt: War skyrocketed British debt, leading to increased taxes.
- Grenville's Policies: Revenue Acts (Sugar Act, 1764); Stamp Act (1765); Declaratory Act (1766).
- Colonial Protests: Boycotts, Stamp Act Congress, Sons of Liberty, and the ideology of "no taxation without representation" increased.
-
Townshend Acts (1767): Import taxes on goods; led to further colonial protests and the Boston Massacre (1770).
- Boston Massacre: Led by accounts from both sides; five colonists, including Crispus Attucks, killed.
- Lord North: Repealed all Townshend Acts (except tea tax).
Tea Act (1773) and Intolerable/Coercive Acts (1774)
- Tea Act: British East India Company granted a monopoly on tea imports to the colonies; colonists viewed it as an attempt to impose more taxes indirectly, leading to the Boston Tea Party.
- Boston Tea Party: Colonists disguised as Natives and dumped tea into Boston Harbor to protest the tea taxes (symbol of British tyranny).
- Intolerable/Coercive Acts: Punitive measures against Boston, including closing the port; reduced power of colonial assembly; increased British control.
First Continental Congress (1774)
- Declaration of Rights and Grievances: Colonists argued only their own assemblies could tax them; taxation was unconstitutional.
- Suffolk Resolves: Congress called for resistance against the Intolerable Acts by preparing military and boycotting British goods.
Revolutionary War (1775-1783)
- Lexington and Concord (April 1775): First battles of the American Revolution following British attempts capture militia and supplies.
- Second Continental Congress (May 1775): Established American army, including George Washington as commander. Captured Fort Ticonderoga for cannons and gunpowder. Early American victories boosted morale.
- Battle of Bunker Hill: British offensive to take the hill. High British casualties, boosted American confidence.
- Olive Branch Petition: Drafted by the Second Continental Congress, offering peace to Britain, but rejected.
- Paine's Common Sense Pamphlet advocating for independence and republic.
- Independence Declared (July 1776): Declaration of Independence outlines reasons for independence, based on natural rights.
- Patriots and Loyalists: Patriots (approx. 40%) supported independence, mostly younger generations, while Loyalists (approx. 16%) remained loyal to the Crown (mostly older generations).
- Early Conflicts: American victories at Trenton and Princeton (1776-1777) boosted morale and enlistments.
- 1778-1779: British moved troops to the south, believing loyalists would aid them.
French Influence and Native American Role
- France's Influence: Provided essential military, financial, and diplomatic support to the struggling American cause
- Native American Role: Native Americans fought on both sides, but also played an important role in the outcome of clashes in the Ohio Valley region (guerilla warfare, alliances with both sides) .
American Victory:
- Yorktown (1781): American victory that effectively ended the war due to French naval support.
- Treaty of Paris (1783): British recognition of American Independence, and establishment of US boundaries.
PRACTICE (questions from video)
- Patriot Strength: Familiarity with the terrain and guerilla warfare tactics. Strong leadership such as George Washington.
- French Influence: France provided crucial military aid (including naval support and troops). Financial support and recognition of American independence.
- Native American Role: Native American alliances with both sides; their strategies (guerilla warfare) affected the conflict, influencing which side they fought for.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the complex relationships and conflicts between New France and Britain during the early colonial period. This quiz covers key events, treaties such as the Treaty of Utrecht, and the roles of Indigenous peoples in these struggles. Learn about economic interests and military strategies that shaped North America.
