New France Seigneurial System Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is one of the primary responsibilities of the seigneur towards the state?

  • Bring in settlers (correct)
  • Manage local businesses
  • Provide military training to settlers
  • Build a house for the censitaires (correct)

Which of the following is a responsibility of the censitaire?

  • Build a church
  • Organize community events
  • Establish trade agreements
  • Pay to use a flour mill (correct)

Which right does a censitaire have regarding profits from farming?

  • Keep his profits if he made any (correct)
  • Donate all profits to the church
  • Share profits with the seigneur
  • Allocate profits for community development

What is one of the privileges that the seigneur enjoys?

<p>Front row at church (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a shared responsibility of both the seigneur and the censitaire towards the church?

<p>Paying the tithe (church tax) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the seigneurial system in New France?

<p>To develop land, increase population, and diversify the economy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What shape were the lots divided into under the seigneurial system?

<p>Long rectangular lots (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was responsible for implementing the seigneurial system and distributing land to settlers?

<p>The Company of One Hundred Associates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were the peasants that rented land from the seigneur called?

<p>Censitaires (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the population in the seigneurial system was comprised of tenant farmers?

<p>98% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the primary motivations for New France's expansion in the 1745 period?

<p>Profit from the fur trade (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of the conflict between New France and the Thirteen Colonies?

<p>Conquest of New France in 1760 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did the Thirteen Colonies feel threatened by New France's expansion?

<p>New France's expansion limited their westward growth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What strategy did New France utilize in relation to the land?

<p>Engaging primarily in the fur trade (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What location did the conflict between New France and the Thirteen Colonies primarily revolve around?

<p>The western territories of North America (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines a trading post colony?

<p>Temporary European presence for trading and resource exploitation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of the mother country in establishing colonies?

<p>To exploit the natural resources for its own benefit. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a settlement colony?

<p>Permanent European settlement aimed at resource exploitation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about the relationship between a mother country and its colony?

<p>Colonies are territories ruled and exploited by the mother country. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a mother country from its colonies?

<p>The mother country possesses colonies or territories outside its own territory. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one negative impact of the fur trade on the Indigenous peoples in New France?

<p>Destruction of the Hurons by the Iroquois (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the fur trade contribute to the territorial expansion of New France?

<p>By forcing the French to seek new fur sources deeper into the continent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group allied with the English during the fur trade conflicts?

<p>Iroquois (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the main reasons the French wanted to strengthen their relationship with the Indigenous?

<p>To obtain more furs and to evangelize the Indigenous (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a direct consequence of the Iroquois attacks on the Hurons?

<p>Survivors of the Hurons resettled around Quebec City (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What caused the French to explore further into the North American continent?

<p>The destruction of the Hurons and need for new fur sources (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Indigenous alliance became a major provider of furs for the French starting in 1616?

<p>The Hurons-Wendat Confederacy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action did missionaries take to facilitate evangelization among the Indigenous?

<p>They learned Indigenous languages and lived among them (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant consequence resulted from the French alliances with the Indigenous in 1603 and 1616?

<p>Creating enemies with the Iroquois Confederacy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which conflict arose due to the French alliance with the Iroquois' enemies?

<p>An armed conflict between French settlers and Iroquois (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of mercantilism?

<p>Exporting more than importing to enhance national power (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which economic activity initially served as the staple for economic activity in New France?

<p>Fish and whaling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year did Samuel de Champlain found Quebec City?

<p>1608 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do colonies play in a mercantilist economy?

<p>They provide raw materials to the mother country and buy manufactured goods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the main instructions given to Champlain by the King of France?

<p>To establish a permanent settlement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a primary advantage of the location chosen for Quebec City?

<p>It provided ease of navigation on the St. Lawrence River (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'economic staple'?

<p>The most important economic activity and source of revenue at a given time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected relationship between a colonizing country and its colonies under mercantilism?

<p>Control by the colonizing country over resources and markets (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was L'Abitation?

<p>A fortified trading post (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes manufactured goods in the mercantilist system of New France?

<p>They should originate solely from the mother country (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which religious orders were established to supervise the spiritual life in New France?

<p>Recollets and Jesuits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which body was responsible for overseeing the fur trade in New France starting in 1627?

<p>The Hundred Associates Trading Company (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym 'MMM' stand for in the context of mercantilism?

<p>Make Money for Mother Country (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant consequence of mercantilism for the colonies?

<p>Extreme dependence on the mother country for manufactured goods (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is often referred to as the 'Father of New France'?

<p>Samuel de Champlain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What group was NOT specifically mentioned as arriving to contribute to New France's development?

<p>Merchants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Trading Post Colony

A colony established by Europeans to trade and exploit resources, requiring a small number of people, and temporary European residences.

Settlement Colony

A colony established by Europeans to settle permanently and exploit resources, involving permanent European residency.

Colony

A territory controlled and exploited by another state.

Mother Country

The country that controls or owns colonies.

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Colonization

Claiming land and establishing colonies for the benefit of the home country.

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Seigneur's Responsibilities to the State

A Seigneur had to be loyal to the king, keep a census of his seigneurie, bring in settlers, build a road, and pay taxes.

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Seigneur's Responsibilities to the Church

A Seigneur was responsible for building a church and paying the tithe, which was a church tax.

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Censitaire's Responsibilities to the Seigneur

A Censitaire had to clear and farm their land, provide 3 days of unpaid work per year, pay for using the flour mill, maintain roads, and pay rent and taxes.

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Censitaire's Rights

Censitaires had the right to be granted land, use the local mill and common pasture, receive protection from the Seigneur, and keep their profits.

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Seigneurial System Diagram

A stylized map showing the land owned by the Seigneur, Censitaires, Church, and common land, with a river and rows of plots.

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Fur Trade Impact

The fur trade had both positive and negative consequences on the colony of New France, influencing conflict, expansion, and relationships with Indigenous groups.

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Iroquois and Hurons

The Iroquois, allied with the English, attacked and destroyed the Huron people, who were important partners in the fur trade for the French.

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French Expansion

The French expanded their territory in North America seeking new fur sources after the destruction of the Hurons.

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Competition in the Fur Trade

The demand for fur resources led to intense rivalry between the French and English colonies, resulting in conflicts.

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Algonquians and Maliseet

The Algonquians and Maliseet introduced the French to the Hurons, who lived in the Great Lakes region and had valuable furs.

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New France & 13 Colonies

Two competing European powers in North America around 1745. New France controlled vast territories, while the 13 Colonies aimed for expansion and fur trade profits.

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Conflict Cause

The 13 Colonies felt threatened by New France's westward expansion, as it limited their own expansion and fur trade access, leading to tensions and ultimately war.

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Fur Trade

A key economic activity in North America, driving expansion and conflict between New France and the 13 Colonies.

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Outcome

The conflict between New France and the 13 Colonies resulted in the conquest of New France by the British in 1760, significantly altering the map of North America.

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1760

The year New France was conquered by the British, marking a turning point in North American power dynamics.

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French-Indigenous Relations

The relationship between the French and Indigenous peoples in North America, characterized by trade alliances, missionary activities, and conflicts.

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French Trade Alliances

The French established alliances with various Indigenous groups, particularly the Hurons-Wendat Confederacy, to secure access to valuable furs and expand their territory.

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Evangelization

The French missionaries aimed to convert Indigenous peoples to Christianity, promoting their religion and culture.

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Iroquois Confederacy

A powerful Indigenous alliance, the Iroquois Confederacy became rivals of the French due to their alliances with other tribes.

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British-Iroquois Alliance

The Iroquois Confederacy allied with the British, who provided them with guns, to challenge French control over the fur trade and attack French settlements.

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Seigneurial System

A system of land ownership and management used in New France, where land was divided into long rectangular lots with a seigneur owning the land and renting it out to censitaires.

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Seigneur

The owner of a seigneury, responsible for managing the land, granting rights to censitaires, and fulfilling obligations to the government and church.

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Censitaire

A tenant farmer who rented land from the seigneur, paying rent and fulfilling duties in exchange for the right to farm the land.

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Censive

A small piece of land granted to a censitaire by the seigneur, within the larger seigneury.

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Why Long Lots?

Land was divided into long rectangular lots to maximize access to the rivers, which were crucial for transportation, irrigation, and communication.

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Mercantilism

An economic theory where a country's power is based on its gold. Exports should exceed imports, and colonies provide resources and serve as markets for the mother country.

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Economic Staple

The most important economic activity and source of revenue for a specific time and place.

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What was the economic staple of New France?

Initially, fish and whaling were the most important economic activities, but furs quickly replaced them.

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What was the role of colonies in mercantilism?

Colonies were expected to provide raw materials to the mother country and serve as a market for manufactured goods.

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How was the relationship between the colonizing country and the colony?

The colonizing country controlled the colony for its resources and markets.

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MMM

Mercantilism is essentially a system of 'make money for the mother country.'

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Extreme Dependence

Colonies were highly reliant on the mother country for all manufactured goods.

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What did the diagram illustrate?

The relationship between a colonizing country that produces manufactured goods and a colony that supplies raw materials, showing the flow of goods and resources under mercantilism.

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First Permanent Settlement

Québec City, founded by Champlain in 1608, marked the beginning of a permanent French presence in North America.

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Strategic Location

Champlain chose Québec City's location for its advantages in navigation, natural defenses, and proximity to native trade partners.

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L'Abitation

The first fortified trading post built by Champlain's party, where Indigenous peoples could bring furs.

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Champlain's Explorations

Champlain explored inland, discovering new waterways like the Richelieu River, Lake Champlain, and the Ottawa River.

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Settlers of New France

The first settlers in New France included farmers like Louis Hébert and his family, arriving in 1617.

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Religious Influence

Religious orders like the Recollets and Jesuits were established to oversee spiritual life and evangelize Indigenous people in New France.

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Securing New France

Soldiers were deployed to defend the colony from threats like the Iroquois Confederacy and the English.

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Father of New France

Champlain is often recognized as the "Father of New France" for his key role in establishing the colony.

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