Seigneurial System Responsibilities and Rights

A system of land ownership and management used in New France, where land, called seigneuries, were granted to wealthy individuals (seigneurs) who leased portions to tenant farmers (censitaires).

The lord in the Seigneurial System, who owned the seigneury and granted land to censitaires.

The peasant farmer who rented land from the seigneur in the Seigneurial System.

The most important economic activity for exports at a given time and place.

An economic theory where a country's power is measured by its gold supply. Exports must be greater than imports.

Exclusive right to sell a good or service, granted in New France to the Company of 100 Associates for the fur trade.

The French company given a monopoly over the fur trade in 1627, tasked with bringing settlers and developing New France.

The process of claiming land and establishing colonies for the benefit of the mother country.

A territory ruled by another state that exploits it.

A state possessing colonies or territories outside its own territory.

Territory taken over by Europeans where natural resources were exploited and traded, requiring only a small number of temporary settlers.

Territory settled by Europeans for the purpose of exploiting natural resources and establishing permanent settlements.

The first permanent settlement in New France established by Samuel de Champlain in 1608.

A village where Christianized Aboriginal people lived, established by missionaries in New France.

The first hospital in Ville-Marie (Montreal) established by Jeanne Mance.

The first school in Ville-Marie (Montreal) established by Marguerite Bourgeois to educate Indigenous girls.

Samuel de Champlain was a French explorer and is considered the "Father of New France".

French explorer who arrived in Canada in 1603 and established Quebec City as the first permanent settlement in New France.

The first fortified trading post in Quebec City built by Samuel de Champlain, allowing Indigenous people to bring furs to a central location. It marked the beginning of New France as a trading post colony.

The five Iroquois nations that allied with the British and attacked French settlements along the St. Lawrence River.

A group of Indigenous peoples residing in the Great Lakes region, known for their large supply of furs, forming an alliance with the French in 1616.

A group of Indigenous peoples who allied with the French in 1603. They helped French explorers advance further into North America.

The Indigenous people who converted to Christianity and adopted French customs.

The trade of furs between Indigenous peoples and the French, a major economic activity in 17th century New France.

The relationship between a country and its colonies that are used to benefit the mother country through trade and resource extraction.

A key factor in the French desire to control the fur trade and expand territory in North America. It led to conflict with the British and Indigenous peoples.

The French desire to spread Christianity among the Indigenous peoples of North America, often intertwining with economic interests.