Neuroscience Section 1: Nervous System
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of neurons in the nervous system?

  • Regulating and protecting neurons
  • Producing oligodendrocytes and astrocytes
  • Providing mechanical support to other neurons
  • Processing, transferring, and storing information (correct)

Which type of cell does not have axons or dendrites?

  • Motor neurons
  • Interneurons
  • Glial cells (correct)
  • Sensory neurons

What is the primary reason for the resting membrane potential in a neuron?

  • The absence of ion channels in the plasma membrane
  • The presence of more open Na+ channels than K+ channels
  • The presence of equal number of open K+ and Na+ channels
  • The presence of more open K+ channels than Na+ channels (correct)

What is the main difference between the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system in terms of glial cells?

<p>The central nervous system has oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, ependymal and microglia, while the peripheral nervous system has Schwann cells and satellite cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the membrane potential of a neuron that is not transmitting signals?

<p>Resting membrane potential (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ratio of glial cells to neurons in the nervous system?

<p>3:1 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the dura mater in the central nervous system?

<p>To restrict the movement of the brain within the skull and keep in cerebrospinal fluid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the peripheral nervous system?

<p>The system that consists of the nerves and ganglia outside the brain and spinal cord (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cerebrospinal fluid between the pia mater and arachnoid mater?

<p>To help protect the brain and spinal cord from sudden impact or injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pia mater in the central nervous system?

<p>To contain blood vessels and capillaries that nourish the brain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the arachnoid mater responsible for in the central nervous system?

<p>To provide cushioning for the brain and spinal cord (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the central nervous system (CNS) composed of?

<p>The brain and spinal cord (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of depolarization during the depolarization phase of an action potential?

<p>Opening of voltage-gated Na+ channels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the action potential does the membrane potential return to its resting state?

<p>Repolarization phase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which the membrane depolarizes further during the depolarization phase of an action potential?

<p>Rapid influx of Na+ ions into the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between the absolute and relative refractory periods?

<p>The ability of the nerve fiber to respond to a stimulus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the voltage level at which depolarization occurs very rapidly during the depolarization phase of an action potential?

<p>-55 mV (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the period during which a nerve fiber does not respond or responds subnormally to a stimulus of threshold intensity or greater than threshold intensity?

<p>Refractory period (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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