Autonomic Nervous System Anatomy

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What is the primary function of the central nervous system?

To process sensory information from the peripheral nervous system

To integrate and control the body's physiological processes (correct)

To transmit information between the body and the brain

To coordinate voluntary muscle movement

Which of the following is not considered part of the hindbrain?

Pons

Cerebellum

Medulla oblongata

Thalamus (correct)

What is the primary function of the sensory division of the peripheral nervous system?

To regulate the involuntary functions of the body

To transmit information from the central nervous system to effectors

To convey information from sensory receptors to the central nervous system (correct)

To coordinate voluntary muscle movement

Which of the following is a key difference between the somatic and autonomic nervous systems?

The somatic system is responsible for voluntary movement, while the autonomic system is responsible for involuntary movement Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the motor division of the peripheral nervous system?

To coordinate voluntary muscle movement Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key function of the autonomic nervous system?

To regulate the involuntary functions of the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the ganglionic neurons in the autonomic nervous system?

They excite the visceral effectors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the preganglionic and postganglionic neurons in the autonomic nervous system?

The preganglionic neuron's axon synapses with the postganglionic neuron's cell body Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the dorsal root ganglia in the somatic nervous system?

They contain sensory neurons that receive synaptic inputs Signup and view all the answers

How many pairs of spinal nerves does the spinal cord give rise to?

31 pairs Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Conus medullaris in the spinal cord?

It is the tapered inferior end of the spinal cord Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Cauda equina in the spinal cord?

It is the origin of the spinal nerves extending inferiorly from the Conus medullaris Signup and view all the answers

Where is the dura mater connected to the coccyx?

By the filum terminale externum Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the meninges is a thin transparent connective tissue that adheres to the surface of the spinal cord and brain?

Pia mater Signup and view all the answers

Where are anesthetics typically injected in the spinal region?

Epidural space Signup and view all the answers

What fills the subdural space between the dura mater and arachnoid mater?

Serous fluid Signup and view all the answers

Which structure anchors the spinal cord to the coccyx?

Filum terminale externum Signup and view all the answers

Where is the lumbar puncture commonly performed along the spine?

At the supracristal line L3-L4 Signup and view all the answers

Which anatomical structure is responsible for the leakage of the gelatinous nucleus pulposus in a herniated disc?

Anulus fibrosus Signup and view all the answers

Which pair correctly matches a spinal nerve function with the type of nerve it carries?

GSA - Somatic sensory nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of disc herniation according to the text?

Low back pain radiating to the leg Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle action corresponds to the L3-L4 spinal root?

Knee extension Signup and view all the answers

Which dermatome is associated with the L5-S1 spinal segment?

Lateral border of foot Signup and view all the answers

'End organ of Ruffini' is sensitive to which stimulus according to the text?

Skin stretch Signup and view all the answers

What type of receptors detect change in temperature?

Thermoreceptors Signup and view all the answers

Which type of receptors detect damage, also known as pain receptors?

Nociceptors Signup and view all the answers

What decreases when a receptor is continuously stimulated?

Sensitivity Signup and view all the answers

In the labelled line theory, what does the term 'adequate stimulus' refer to?

The energy required to stimulate a sensory organ Signup and view all the answers

Which pathway is responsible for discriminative touch sensation and conscious proprioception?

Posterior White Column-Medial Lemniscal Pathway Signup and view all the answers

Which structure serves as the termination point for the 3rd neuron in the Posterior White Column-Medial Lemniscal Pathway?

Primary Somesthetic Area (S I) Signup and view all the answers