Neuroscience Research Methods: Sampling & Confidence Intervals

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What is the primary purpose of taking a sample in scientific research?

To study the entire population

To identify the sampling frame

To avoid financial and time constraints

To make generalizations about the population (correct)

What is the term for the list of individuals from which a sample is selected?

Sampling units

Research population

Source population

Sampling frame (correct)

What type of research is typically conducted in samples, rather than entire populations?

Analytic research

Descriptive research (correct)

Qualitative research

Quantitative research

What are the individual elements that are selected from a population to form a sample?

Sampling units Signup and view all the answers

Why is it usually not possible to conduct research on an entire population?

Due to financial and time constraints Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the group of all individuals in which we are interested in assessing some parameter(s)?

Source population Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of calculating the standard error in a sample?

To estimate the uncertainty of the sample estimate Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increasing the sample size on the sampling distribution?

It decreases the variability of the sampling distribution Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a value calculated from a sample, such as a mean or proportion?

Estimate Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of plotting sample estimates in a histogram?

To visualize the sampling distribution Signup and view all the answers

What is the population in the example of estimating the prevalence of obesity in Greece?

N=11,000,000 Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a sample and a population?

A sample is a subset of the population, while a population is the entire group Signup and view all the answers

What is a common sampling unit in research?

Individual people Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of descriptive research?

To investigate the prevalence of a condition in a population Signup and view all the answers

In what type of research is the source population more general?

Analytic research Signup and view all the answers

What is the group of all individuals in which we are interested to assess some parameter(s) called?

Source population Signup and view all the answers

In which type of research is the source population particularly important to accurately represent?

Descriptive research Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of selecting a sample from a source population?

Sampling methods Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the standard error in a sample?

To calculate the degree of uncertainty around an estimate Signup and view all the answers

What does a 95% Confidence Interval represent?

The range of values within which the population mean is likely to lie Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increasing the sample size on the standard error?

The standard error decreases Signup and view all the answers

What does the width of a Confidence Interval represent?

The precision of the estimate Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the Confidence Interval as the sample size increases?

It becomes narrower Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of descriptive research in a sample?

To describe the characteristics of the sample Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using a sample rather than a population in research?

It is more cost-effective and time-efficient Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the group of individuals from which a sample is selected?

Source population Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increasing the sample size on the standard error of the sample estimate?

It decreases the standard error Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of calculating the standard error in a sample?

To quantify the uncertainty of the sample estimate Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of sampling in descriptive research?

To explore the characteristics of a population Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the list of individuals from which a sample is selected?

Sampling frame Signup and view all the answers

What type of research is typically conducted in samples, rather than entire populations?

Analytic research Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increasing the sample size on the sampling distribution?

It reduces the sampling error Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of analytic research?

To identify the underlying causes of a disease or a phenomenon Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for conducting research on a sample rather than an entire population?

Due to practical restrictions such as financial and time constraints Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of conducting research on a sample?

To make an inference about the population Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the sampling frame and the source population?

The sampling frame is a list of all individuals in the source population Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of selecting a representative sample?

To ensure the sample is representative of the source population Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between descriptive research and analytic research?

Descriptive research is used to describe the characteristics of the sample, while analytic research is used to identify the relationships between variables Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of descriptive research?

To describe the characteristics of a population Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the group of all individuals in which we are interested in assessing some parameter(s)?

Source population Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of decreasing the sample size on the sampling variation?

It increases Signup and view all the answers

What type of research is typically conducted in samples, rather than entire populations?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the list of individuals from which a sample is selected?

Sampling frame Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of statistical inference in research?

To determine the degree of uncertainty in the estimate of interest Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a population parameter?

Mean age of the population of Cyprus Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between a sample estimate and a population parameter?

A sample estimate attempts to quantify the corresponding population parameter Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the measurement of a quantity or association in a sample that aims to represent the true quantity or association in the source population?

Sample estimate Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using statistical inference in research?

To draw conclusions about the population from which the sample was taken Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of selecting a sample from a population?

To estimate the population parameter Signup and view all the answers

What is the source population in a study investigating the association between smoking and oesophageal cancer among 35-65 year olds in Canada?

All individuals aged 35-65 in Canada Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a sampling unit?

A single individual Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of descriptive research in a sample?

To describe the characteristics of a sample Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to restrict the source population to a specific country or region?

To decrease the sampling bias Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of analytic research in a sample?

To identify the cause of a disease Signup and view all the answers

Neuroscience Research Methods: Sampling & Confidence Intervals

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of taking a sample in scientific research?

What is the term for the list of individuals from which a sample is selected?

What type of research is typically conducted in samples, rather than entire populations?

What are the individual elements that are selected from a population to form a sample?

Why is it usually not possible to conduct research on an entire population?

What is the term for the group of all individuals in which we are interested in assessing some parameter(s)?

What is the primary purpose of calculating the standard error in a sample?

What is the effect of increasing the sample size on the sampling distribution?

What is the term used to describe a value calculated from a sample, such as a mean or proportion?

What is the purpose of plotting sample estimates in a histogram?

What is the population in the example of estimating the prevalence of obesity in Greece?

What is the difference between a sample and a population?

What is a common sampling unit in research?

What is the primary goal of descriptive research?

In what type of research is the source population more general?

What is the group of all individuals in which we are interested to assess some parameter(s) called?

In which type of research is the source population particularly important to accurately represent?

What is the term for the process of selecting a sample from a source population?

What is the purpose of the standard error in a sample?

What does a 95% Confidence Interval represent?

What is the effect of increasing the sample size on the standard error?

What does the width of a Confidence Interval represent?

What happens to the Confidence Interval as the sample size increases?

What is the primary purpose of descriptive research in a sample?

What is the main advantage of using a sample rather than a population in research?

What is the term for the group of individuals from which a sample is selected?

What is the effect of increasing the sample size on the standard error of the sample estimate?

What is the purpose of calculating the standard error in a sample?

What is the primary purpose of sampling in descriptive research?

What is the term for the list of individuals from which a sample is selected?

What type of research is typically conducted in samples, rather than entire populations?

What is the effect of increasing the sample size on the sampling distribution?

What is the primary goal of analytic research?

What is the main reason for conducting research on a sample rather than an entire population?

What is the primary goal of conducting research on a sample?

What is the relationship between the sampling frame and the source population?

What is the purpose of selecting a representative sample?

What is the difference between descriptive research and analytic research?

What is the primary goal of descriptive research?

What is the term for the group of all individuals in which we are interested in assessing some parameter(s)?

What is the effect of decreasing the sample size on the sampling variation?

What type of research is typically conducted in samples, rather than entire populations?

What is the term for the list of individuals from which a sample is selected?

What is the primary purpose of statistical inference in research?

What is an example of a population parameter?

What is the relationship between a sample estimate and a population parameter?

What is the term for the measurement of a quantity or association in a sample that aims to represent the true quantity or association in the source population?

What is the purpose of using statistical inference in research?

What is the primary purpose of selecting a sample from a population?

What is the source population in a study investigating the association between smoking and oesophageal cancer among 35-65 year olds in Canada?

Which of the following is an example of a sampling unit?

What is the focus of descriptive research in a sample?

Why is it important to restrict the source population to a specific country or region?

What is the primary goal of analytic research in a sample?

What is the term for the process of selecting a sample from a source population?

What is the effect of increasing the sample size on the sample estimate?

What is the purpose of taking a sample in scientific research?

What is the term for the group of individuals from which a sample is selected?

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