Neuroscience: Corpus Callosum and Split-Brain

<p>It generally has no effect on the patient's IQ. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The right hemisphere. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their seizures eased up without loss of consciousness. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>200 million. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It generally stays the same as before the surgery. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The left hemisphere (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To get a soda (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both hemispheres reported seeing only one color (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Linguistic abilities of a 3-year-old and reasoning abilities of a chimpanzee (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A hand that acts on its own without conscious control (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The corpus callosum can be sectioned in stages and still have therapeutic benefit. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The left and right brain could play against each other (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The 'baloney generator' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Posterior regions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cross cuing through non-neural interhemispheric communication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They illustrate how split-brain patients can show cross cuing through subtle behavioral cues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They cannot verbally identify the pattern but can hum it (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They cannot verbally identify the object but can draw it with their left hand (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Olfactory receptors project ipsilaterally to the brain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Toxic effects of alcohol and thiamine deficiency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The thalamus and frontal lobes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anterograde amnesia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To temporarily disable one hemisphere of the brain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unawareness of a significant physical impairment, like paralysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anton's Syndrome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Right parietal lobe (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emotional stimuli (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Side to side turning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The visual system's projection to account for neural delays (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Before the second stimulus is presented (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anticipation of the final tap influences the perception of preceding taps (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To generate a conscious perception after events have happened to make sense of them. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process by which the brain integrates different visual features into a unified experience. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Attention enables the brain to selectively focus on certain objects while filtering out others. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The brain incorrectly binding characteristics of different stimuli. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To synchronize neural activity across different regions of the cortex. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Synesthetes experience concurrent sensations in response to a single stimulus. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It results in lower than average intelligence. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cross-wiring between different brain regions is causing synesthetic perception (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Epilepsy is a debilitating disease that can cause seizures several times a day.

A corpus callosotomy is a surgical procedure that cuts the corpus callosum, which is a band of nerve fibers that connects the two hemispheres of the brain.

A corpus callosotomy is performed on patients with epilepsy to prevent seizures from spreading from one hemisphere to the other.

Cutting the corpus callosum does not affect a person's IQ, personality, verbal or problem-solving abilities.

Split-brain patients have two hemispheres that cannot communicate with each other because the corpus callosum has been cut.

Roger Sperry, a Nobel Prize winner, investigated the effects of a corpus callosotomy on patients and concluded that split-brain patients have two independent streams of consciousness.

Information from the left visual field is processed by the right hemisphere of the brain, and information from the right visual field is processed by the left hemisphere.

Split-brain patients are able to use both hands independently, and each hand can perform actions that are not controlled by the other.

The transfer of basic sensory information, such as vision, audition, and somatosensation, takes place in the posterior regions of the brain.

The anterior regions of the brain are responsible for transferring information related to attention and higher cognitive processes.

The middle regions of the brain are primarily involved in motor functions, enabling coordinated movement and action.

Cross cuing is a non-neural communication mechanism used by split-brain patients, allowing for interhemispheric communication through subtle behavioral cues.

Subcortical pathways, including the brainstem and cerebellum, can contribute to communication between the left and right hemispheres in split-brain patients.

Split-brain patients may be unable to verbally identify a melody presented to their left ear, but they can hum it, indicating that the motor system plays a role in processing

Split-brain patients may be unable to name an object placed in their left hand with their eyes closed, but they can draw it with their left hand.

Olfactory information is processed ipsilaterally, meaning it is processed on the same side of the brain as the input. Split-brain patients may show contradictory behaviors in response to smell. For example, a patient may appear disgusted by a smell, but be unable to verbally identify it and demonstrate this with their left hand.

The left hemisphere of the brain is responsible for interpreting actions and creating coherent narratives to explain them, even if the actions originate from the right hemisphere.

The left hemisphere of the brain is capable of creating explanations and stories, even if they are not entirely true.

The right hemisphere of the brain, despite lacking high-level language abilities, possesses a level of consciousness, enabling it to respond to simple tasks and demonstrate rudimentary reasoning.

Alien hand syndrome is a neurological condition where one hand acts independently of the individual's conscious control, often resulting in conflicting actions.

The corpus callosum, the bridge connecting the two hemispheres of the brain, can be surgically sectioned in stages to treat epilepsy.

The corpus callosum is not a monolithic structure; different regions of it connect specific areas of the brain, facilitating communication between the hemispheres.

Patients with split brains can demonstrate independent cognitive abilities in their two hemispheres, such as playing a number-guessing game against each other.

Split-brain patients can have different levels of awareness, with one hemisphere exhibiting a higher level of consciousness than the other.

The inability to form new long-term memories, but short-term memory remains intact.

The loss of past memories, particularly those from the time around the event that caused the amnesia.

The brain's ability to learn and retain skills without conscious awareness.

A surgical procedure used to temporarily disable one hemisphere of the brain by injecting a drug.

A condition where a person is unaware of their own disability, often due to damage to the right parietal lobe.

A form of neglect where patients deny ownership of their own body parts, often associated with anosognosia.

A syndrome where a blind person insists they can see, often caused by damage to the brain's visual cortex.

A condition where a person ignores one side of their visual field, often caused by damage to the right parietal lobe.

The perception that events happen in a different order than they actually occurred, due to the brain's processing delays.

A visual illusion where a moving object appears to be displaced in space or time, reflecting the brain's predictive processing.

The brain constructs a conscious perception of events after they occur, creating a unified understanding of what happened.

The brain's ability to integrate different sensory features (like color, shape, and motion) into a single, unified experience.

The brain area responsible for processing motion information.

The brain area responsible for processing color information.

A phenomenon where individuals experience a sensation in one sensory modality (e.g., sight) when stimulated in another modality (e.g., hearing). For example, seeing colors associated with letters or numbers.

The brain's ability to bind features together is thought to be facilitated by synchronized neural oscillations across different areas of the brain.

A type of brainwave associated with conscious processing and attention. They are particularly strong during feature binding.

When attention is overloaded, the brain may mistakenly combine features from different objects, leading to incorrect perceptions.