epilepsy

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Which of the following drugs can induce the metabolism of carbamazepine?

CYP3A4 inhibitors

Propoxyphene, troleandomycin, and valproic acid

Primidone, phenytoin, ethosuximide, valproic acid, and clonazepam

Phenytoin and phenobarbital (correct)

What is the effect of phenytoin and phenobarbital on the steady-state concentration of carbamazepine?

They decrease the steady-state concentration of carbamazepine by enzyme induction (correct)

They have no effect on the steady-state concentration of carbamazepine

They increase the steady-state concentration of carbamazepine

They inhibit the clearance of carbamazepine and increase its steady-state levels

Which of the following drugs may inhibit the clearance of carbamazepine and increase its steady-state levels?

CYP3A4 inhibitors

Propoxyphene, troleandomycin, and valproic acid (correct)

Primidone, ethosuximide, and clonazepam

Phenytoin and phenobarbital

Which of the following is a concentration-dependent adverse reaction of carbamazepine?

Diplopia, dizziness, unsteadiness, drowsiness, nausea Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of phenytoin?

It inhibits voltage-gated Na+ channels Signup and view all the answers

At what serum concentration can phenytoin exacerbate seizures?

Greater than 50 µg/mL Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important aspect of ASD use according to the text?

Individualization of therapy Signup and view all the answers

In the context of elderly patients, what is a common issue related to hypoalbuminemia?

Problems with highly bound ASDs Signup and view all the answers

Why might the elderly require dosage adjustments for ASDs according to the text?

Compromised renal or hepatic function Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT considered in the individualization of therapy for ASD use?

Seizure type Signup and view all the answers

What issue do polytherapy and hypoalbuminemia in the elderly potentially contribute to?

Drug-drug interactions with ASDs Signup and view all the answers

For women of child-bearing potential, which type of ASD should be avoided?

ASDs that are teratogenic (can cause birth defects) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor should be considered when selecting an antiseizure drug (ASD) for a child?

The child's susceptibility to neuropsychiatric adverse effects Signup and view all the answers

When selecting an ASD for an elderly patient, which factor should be considered?

The patient's susceptibility to adverse effects on cognition Signup and view all the answers

If a patient has a co-morbid condition, such as migraine headaches, which type of ASD may be beneficial?

An ASD that can also treat the co-morbid condition Signup and view all the answers

What should be done when starting a patient on an ASD?

Start with a low dose and gradually titrate to a moderate dose goal Signup and view all the answers

If a patient is seizure-free with no adverse effects at a moderate therapeutic dose of an ASD, what should be done?

No further increase in dose is necessary Signup and view all the answers

epilepsy

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