Questions and Answers
What term refers to the branched endings of a neuron?
What is the part of the neuron that contains the genetic material?
Which part of the neuron is known for its role in speeding up signal transmission?
What structure primarily supports the axons of peripheral nerves?
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Which part of the neuron is a gap between myelinated segments?
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What term refers to the outermost layer covering a nerve?
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What is the part of the neuron that transmits impulses away from the cell body?
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Which part is responsible for receiving signals from other neurons?
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What part of the neuron integrates incoming signals?
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What is the term for the small branches at the end of an axon that communicate with target cells?
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Study Notes
Neuron Structure and Components
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Telodendria:
- Fine extensions at the end of an axon, connecting to other neurons and forming synapses.
- Crucial for transmitting signals to target cells.
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Nucleus of Cell Body:
- Contains the cell's genetic material (DNA).
- Essential for cellular functions and maintaining the health of the neuron.
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Node of Ranvier:
- Gaps in the myelin sheath covering axons.
- Facilitate rapid conduction of electrical impulses through saltatory conduction.
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Myelin Sheath:
- Insulating layer around axons.
- Increases the speed of electrical signal transmission and protects the axon.
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Nucleus of Schwann Cell:
- Located within Schwann cells, which produce the myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system.
- Plays a role in the regeneration of damaged nerve fibers.
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Neurilemma:
- Outer layer of the Schwann cell, surrounding the myelin sheath.
- Important for regeneration and repair of injured nerves.
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Endoneurium:
- A delicate connective tissue that surrounds individual nerve fibers, providing support and protection.
- Helps maintain the integrity of the nerve fibers.
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Axons:
- Long, slender projections of neurons that transmit electrical impulses away from the cell body.
- Essential for communication within the nervous system.
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Axon Hillock:
- Conical region where the axon begins; connects the cell body to the axon.
- Acts as a trigger zone for action potential generation.
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Axon Terminals:
- Branches at the end of axons that release neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft.
- Critical for communication with other neurons or target cells.
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Dendrites:
- Tree-like structures extending from the neuron that receive signals from other neurons.
- Play a key role in integrating synaptic signals and conveying information to the cell body.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the neuron model with this labeled diagram quiz. Each card covers essential components of neuron structure, from telodendria to axons. Perfect for students studying biology or neuroscience.
