Neuroendocrine Functions of Ventromedial Nucleus (VMN)
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Questions and Answers

Which brain structure plays a role in sexual behavior and processes sensory information related to sexual stimuli?

  • Central Nucleus (CN)
  • Dorsolateral Nucleus (DLN)
  • Lateral Nucleus (LN)
  • Ventromedial Nucleus (VMN) (correct)
  • What is the role of the Ventromedial Nucleus (VMN) in the neural circuit related to lordosis?

  • Executing lordosis (correct)
  • Initiating sleep cycles
  • Processing sensory information
  • Controlling sexual arousal
  • How does the Maternal Immune Hypothesis affect subsequent male fetuses?

  • Reduces physical growth
  • Decreases likelihood of sleep disorders
  • Increases likelihood of nonheterosexual orientation (correct)
  • Enhances cognitive development
  • What phenomenon describes the correlation between a man's number of older brothers and the likelihood of him being gay?

    <p>Sex Fraternal Birth Order Effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is the Ventromedial Nucleus (VMN) particularly sensitive to?

    <p>Estrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an Electroencephalogram (EEG) record?

    <p>Brain electrical activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of sleep do hypnagogic jerks commonly occur?

    <p>Transition period between wakefulness and sleep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes REM Sleep?

    <p>Eyes move rapidly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common name for the sudden muscle contractions that occur at sleep onset?

    <p>Myoclonic Jerks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of sleep is characterized by the brain becoming more active and the body being relaxed and immobilized?

    <p>REM Sleep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of brain waves are associated with high-level cognitive functions and conscious perception?

    <p>Gamma Waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the deepest stage of sleep characterized by slow delta waves in the EEG?

    <p>Slow-Wave Sleep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of seizure involves a single brain area, with the temporal lobe being the most common occurrence site?

    <p>Partial Seizure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for focal seizures with awareness?

    <p>Simple Partial Seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of seizure involves abnormal electrical activity in both halves of the brain simultaneously?

    <p>Grand Mal Seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Grand Mal Seizures?

    <p>Causes violent muscle contractions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Idiopathic Epilepsy diagnosed?

    <p>Electroencephalogram (EEG)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of seizure starts in one area of the brain and then spreads to another area?

    <p>Partial Seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a milder form of depression that lasts for at least two years?

    <p>Dysthymia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of depression can occur during pregnancy or after childbirth?

    <p>Peripartum Depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Bipolar Disorder?

    <p>Extreme shifts in mood from mania to depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of depression is known as Situational Depression?

    <p>Reactive Depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a group of medications that work through different mechanisms of action compared to established antidepressant classes?

    <p>Endogenous Depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does Seasonal Affective Disorder typically occur?

    <p>During winter months when there is less sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of Benzodiazepines and Non-Benzodiazepine Receptor Agonists (Z-Drugs) in promoting sleep?

    <p>Enhance inhibitory activity in the CNS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do Melatonin Agonists primarily promote sleep?

    <p>By regulating the sleep-wake cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Non-Benzodiazepine Receptor Agonists (Z-Drugs) from Benzodiazepines in terms of sleep promotion?

    <p>Shorter half-life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug class is used to counteract excessive sleepiness or sedation caused by hypnotic drugs?

    <p>Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAS) in terms of neurotransmitter activity?

    <p>Block reuptake of excitatory neurotransmitters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug class is primarily prescribed for ADHD and Narcolepsy due to its effects on enhancing arousal and alertness?

    <p>Cocaine-Derived Stimulants</p> Signup and view all the answers

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