Neuroanatomy Module: Somatosensory Pathways
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes general functional components from special functional components of peripheral nerves?

  • Their direction of impulse transmission
  • Their distribution throughout the body
  • Their specific functions devoted to a particular organ or group of muscles (correct)
  • Their embryological origin of tissue or body part being innervated
  • Which of the following structures is embryologically derived from the body wall or somatic mesoderm?

  • Dermis of the skin (correct)
  • Smooth muscles of blood vessels
  • GI tract
  • Heart
  • What is the term for nerve cell fibers that transmit impulses towards the CNS from the periphery?

  • Afferent (correct)
  • Visceral
  • Somatic
  • Efferent
  • What is the term for a collection of nerve cell bodies in the PNS?

    <p>Ganglion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a visceral structure?

    <p>GI tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between somatic and visceral nerves?

    <p>Their embryological origin of tissue or body part being innervated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a bundle of nerve fibers with common origin and termination in the CNS?

    <p>Nerve Tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for nerve cell fibers that transmit impulses away from the CNS towards the periphery?

    <p>Efferent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of the pathways for general somatic sensation?

    <p>Basal ganglia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tract system is responsible for transmitting sensation from the body to the thalamus?

    <p>Anterolateral (Spinothalamic) Tract System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the dorsal root ganglion in the pathway for general somatic sensation?

    <p>It transmits sensory information from the periphery to the central nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pathway is involved in the direct and consensual corneal blink reflexes?

    <p>Trigeminothalamic tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus?

    <p>It relays sensory information from the thalamus to the primary sensory cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pathway is involved in unconscious proprioception?

    <p>Spinocerebellar tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of receptor is responsible for detecting specific chemicals in the blood?

    <p>Chemoreceptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of stimulus do mechanoreceptors respond to?

    <p>Excess pressure or deformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of receptor is responsible for mediating slow pain?

    <p>Nociceptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of stimulating the motor nucleus of CN VII in the direct corneal blink reflex pathway?

    <p>Ipsilateral eye will close</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of receptor is responsible for detecting itch sensations?

    <p>Prurireceptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the carotid body in the context of blood gas detection?

    <p>Responds to decreased blood pH or acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of receptor that responds to extreme temperatures?

    <p>Thermoreceptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the afferent arm of the direct corneal blink reflex pathway?

    <p>CN V1 (Ophthalmic)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the afferent arm of the indirect corneal reflex pathway?

    <p>Same as the direct corneal blink reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the medial longitudinal fasciculus in the indirect corneal reflex pathway?

    <p>Transmitting signals from the spinal nucleus to the contralateral facial motor nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of stimulating the right cornea in the indirect corneal reflex?

    <p>Both the right and left eyes blink simultaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of checking for the direct and consensual corneal blink reflexes in a neurological examination?

    <p>To assess the function of both the trigeminal and facial nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a lesion at a particular part of the reflex arc?

    <p>Failure to elicit one or both reflexes on either eye</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the spinal nucleus of CN V in the indirect corneal reflex pathway?

    <p>It gives rise to axons that cross the midline to the contralateral facial motor nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the contralateral facial motor nucleus in the indirect corneal reflex pathway?

    <p>It innervates the contralateral orbicularis oculi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be identified by checking for the direct and consensual corneal blink reflexes on both eyes?

    <p>The most likely location of a lesion in a patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of sensory receptor is typically found in the skin?

    <p>Free Nerve Ending</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the location of the VPM of the Thalamus?

    <p>Just above the lip of the Sylvian fissure (left side)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of sensation is affected in V.J.'s right face, arm, and leg?

    <p>Pain, temperature, and light touch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tract is responsible for transmitting pain and temperature information from the face?

    <p>Ventral Trigeminothalamic Tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Spinal Nucleus of CN V?

    <p>To transmit pain and temperature information from the face</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of V.J.'s 2-point discrimination test result of 15 mm on the tip of her right index finger?

    <p>It indicates decreased sensation in her right hand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pathway is responsible for transmitting vibration sense from the right hand?

    <p>Dorsal Column Medial Lemniscus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Gasserian Ganglion located?

    <p>In the trigeminal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Lateral Spinothalamic Tract?

    <p>To transmit pain and temperature information from the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of V.J.'s intact direct and consensual corneal reflex?

    <p>It indicates normal function of her trigeminal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

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