Neural Circuit Construction Overview Quiz

Neural Circuit Formation

• The first step in forming neural circuits is the directed growth of axons and recognition of appropriate synaptic targets.
• Axon growth and recognition of synaptic targets depend on growth cones—the specialized endings of growing axons.

Neuron Survival and Development

• Neuron survival once axons find their way to appropriate targets and form synapses is influenced by neurotrophic signals.
• The matching of the numbers of innervating neurons to the needs of the target group in the developing nervous system is regulated by neurotrophic signals.

Epithelial Cell Structure and Function

• Epithelial cells assemble into a sheet of cells that enclose a space or a tube.
• The apical surfaces of epithelial cells face the enclosed space or lumen.
• The apical domain of epithelial cells has microvilli, which increase the surface area for taking in and releasing specific molecules.
• The site of endosomal traffic in a simple polarized epithelial tube is the apical domain.
• Basolateral distinctions in epithelial cells arise from the differences between the apical and basolateral domains.
• The apical domain of epithelial cells is typically specialized for intercellular communication.
• The green labeling in a simple polarized epithelial tube represents the apical domain.

Protein Interactions

• Interactions among proteins found in different regions of a neuron's cytoskeleton reflect the formation of neural circuits.
• Adhesion and neurotrophic signals are transduced by specific molecules as synapses and circuits mature.
• The growth of axons and dendrites and the addition of synapses are regulated by these molecules.

Test your knowledge about the construction of neural circuits, including the establishment of axons and dendrites in newly generated neurons, cellular polarization, and the process of forming interconnected groups of neurons.