Sem 2 Networking Programming Week 1 Networking Today

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Questions and Answers

What is a computer on a network called?

Switch

Host or end device (correct)

Router

Bridge

What type of server runs email server software?

File server

Email server (correct)

FTP server

Web server

What is a characteristic of a peer-to-peer network?

Easy to set up (correct)

Centralized administration

Highly secure

Highly scalable

What is the primary role of an intermediary network device?

Regenerate and retransmit data signals Signup and view all the answers

What type of network is used for simple tasks such as transferring files and sharing printers?

Peer-to-peer network Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of a peer-to-peer network?

It lacks centralized administration Signup and view all the answers

What is an end device?

A device that originates or receives messages Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a server?

It provides information to end devices Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Custom Clouds?

They are built to meet the needs of a specific industry Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Powerline Networking?

To allow devices to connect to a LAN where wireless access points cannot reach Signup and view all the answers

What is a common environment where Wireless Broadband is often found?

Rural environments Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of Network Security?

Taking into account the environment while securing data Signup and view all the answers

What technology is used by Wireless Internet Service Providers (WISPs)?

Cellular technology Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an antenna in Wireless Broadband?

To provide wireless connectivity Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Converged Networks?

Each part remains a distinctive object, but both are connected using the same architecture Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of securing a network?

Securing data and mitigating threats Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Network Infrastructure Security?

Preventing unauthorized access to network devices Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a goal of Network Security?

Ensuring confidentiality of data Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of Cloud Computing for businesses?

Reduced network infrastructure costs Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Public Clouds and Private Clouds?

Availability to the public Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for using personal devices to access a network?

Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Video Communications?

Communicating with others over a network Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a network that combines multiple types of Clouds?

Hybrid Cloud Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of Online Collaboration?

Collaboration with others on joint projects Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of an Extranet?

To provide secure access to a company's network for individuals who work for a different organization Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of using a Dial-up Telephone internet connection?

It is a low bandwidth option Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Business-class interconnections?

They are provided by the internet service providers (SPs) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a Cable internet connection?

It is a high bandwidth, always on internet offered by cable television service providers Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organizations is responsible for Internet Governance?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of an Intranet?

To provide a private collection of LANs and WANs internal to an organization Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Satellite internet connection?

It is a major benefit to rural areas without Internet Service Providers (ISPs) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Business Internet Connections?

They are faster connections to support IP phones, video conferencing and data center storage Signup and view all the answers

What type of network design is recommended for very small networks?

Peer-to-peer network Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a server?

To provide information to other devices Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of an intermediary network device?

To manage data flow through the network Signup and view all the answers

What is an end device in a network?

A device that receives information from other devices Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a file server?

Stores and provides access to files Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of a peer-to-peer network?

Not scalable Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a web server?

Provides access to web pages Signup and view all the answers

What is an advantage of a peer-to-peer network?

Easy to set up Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a Small Office/Home Office network?

Enables computers within a home or remote office to connect to a corporate network Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between a LAN and a WAN?

The size of the area covered Signup and view all the answers

What is the Internet composed of?

A collection of interconnected LANs and WANs Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Medium to Large Networks?

They have hundreds or thousands of interconnected computers Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of WANs in the Internet?

To interconnect LANs over wide geographical areas Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the Internet?

It is a worldwide collection of interconnected LANs and WANs Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of service providers in WANs?

To typically administer WANs Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a LAN and a WAN in terms of administration?

The organization responsible for administration Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a dedicated leased line?

It is a reserved circuit within the service provider's network. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of converged networks?

They can deliver data, voice, and video over the same network infrastructure. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a fault-tolerant network?

It limits the impact of a failure by limiting the number of affected devices. Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of business DSL?

It is available in various formats, including Symmetric Digital Subscriber Lines (SDSL). Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of network architecture?

It refers to the technologies that support the infrastructure that moves data across the network. Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of satellite internet connections?

It provides a connection when a wired solution is not available. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of reliable networks?

They are designed to meet user expectations for fault tolerance, scalability, quality of service, and security. Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Ethernet WAN?

It extends LAN access technology into the WAN. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key advantage of using Powerline Networking in a home?

It allows devices to connect to a LAN without data network cables Signup and view all the answers

What type of internet connection is often used in rural environments?

Wireless Broadband Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration when implementing Network Security?

Environment and quality of service Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Custom Clouds?

They are built for a specific industry Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of an antenna in Wireless Broadband?

To provide wireless or wired connectivity for devices at home Signup and view all the answers

What is a common technology used in smart home devices?

Wi-Fi Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of Network Security?

Mitigating threats and securing data Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of convergence in networks?

Each part remains a distinctive object, but both are connected using the same architecture Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Host Roles

A computer on a network is called a host or end device.

Servers

A server is a computer that provides information to end devices.
Types of servers:
- Email servers: run email server software, and clients use client software to access email.
- Web servers: run web server software, and clients use browser software to access web pages.
- File servers: store corporate and user files, and clients access these files.

Peer to Peer

A peer-to-peer network is where a device can be both a client and a server.
Advantages:
- Easy to set up
- Less complex
- Lower cost
Disadvantages:
- No centralized administration
- Not as secure
- Not as scalable
- Slower performance

End Devices

End devices are where a message originates from or is received.
Data originates with an end device, flows through the network, and arrives at an end device.

Intermediary Network Devices

Intermediary devices interconnect end devices and manage data flow.
Roles:
- Regenerate and retransmit data signals
- Maintain information about network pathways
- Notify other devices of errors and communication failures

Technology Trends in the Home

Smart home technologies, such as Amazon Echo Hub and Google Nest, are becoming popular.
Powerline networking allows devices to connect to a LAN where data network cables or wireless communications are not viable.

Wireless Broadband

Wireless broadband is commonly found in rural environments.
It uses the same cellular technology as a smartphone.
An antenna is installed outside the house to provide wireless or wired connectivity.

Network Security

Network security is essential to protect data and mitigate threats.
Two types of network security:
- Network infrastructure security: physical security and preventing unauthorized access to devices.
- Information security: protecting data transmitted over the network.
Three goals of network security:
- Confidentiality: ensuring only intended recipients can read data.
- Integrity: ensuring data is not altered during transmission.
- Availability: ensuring timely and reliable access to data for authorized users.

Network Trends

Recent trends:
- BYOD (Bring Your Own Device): using any device, anywhere, for any ownership.
- Online collaboration: working with others over the network on joint projects.
- Video communications: a powerful tool for communicating with others.
- Cloud computing: storing personal files or backup data on servers over the internet.
Cloud computing types:
- Public Clouds: available to the general public through a pay-per-use model or free.
- Private Clouds: intended for a specific organization or entity.
- Hybrid Clouds: made up of two or more cloud types.

Internet Organizations

IETF, ICANN, and IAB are organizations that play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of the internet.

Intranets and Extranets

An intranet is a private collection of LANs and WANs internal to an organization, accessible only to authorized individuals.
An extranet provides secure access to an organization's network for individuals who work for a different organization and need access to their data.

Internet Connections

There are various ways to connect users and organizations to the internet, including broadband cable, DSL, wireless WANs, and mobile services.
Organizations require faster connections to support IP phones, video conferencing, and data center storage.
Business-class interconnections are provided by service providers (SP) and may include business DSL, leased lines, and Metro Ethernet.

Home and Small Office Internet Connections

Cable: high-bandwidth, always-on internet connection offered by cable television service providers.
DSL: high-bandwidth, always-on internet connection that runs over a telephone line.
Cellular: uses a cellphone network to connect to the internet.
Satellite: provides internet access in rural areas where other connections are not available.
Dial-up: an inexpensive, low-bandwidth option using a modem.

Business Internet Connections

Dedicated Leased Line: a reserved circuit within the service provider's network that connects distant offices with private voice and/or data networking.
Ethernet WAN: extends LAN access technology into the WAN.
DSL: business DSL is available in various formats, including Symmetric Digital Subscriber Lines (SDSL).
Satellite: provides a connection when a wired solution is not available.

The Converging Network

Converged networks carry multiple services (data, voice, and video) on one link, using the same set of rules and standards.
Converged networks can deliver data, voice, and video over the same network infrastructure.

Network Architecture

Network architecture refers to the technologies that support the infrastructure that moves data across the network.
Four basic characteristics that the underlying architectures need to address to meet user expectations are:
- Fault Tolerance
- Scalability
- Quality of Service (QoS)
- Security

Fault Tolerance

A fault-tolerant network limits the impact of a failure by limiting the number of affected devices.

Common Types of Networks

Small Home Networks: connect a few computers to each other and the internet.
Small Office / Home Office: enables computers within a home or remote office to connect to a corporate network.
Medium to Large Networks: many locations with hundreds or thousands of interconnected computers.
World Wide Networks: connects hundreds of millions of computers worldwide, such as the internet.

LANs and WANs

LANs (Local Area Networks) interconnect end devices in a limited area.
WANs (Wide Area Networks) interconnect LANs over wide geographical areas.
LANs are administered by a single organization or individual, while WANs are typically administered by one or more service providers.

The Internet

The internet is a worldwide collection of interconnected LANs and WANs.
It is not owned by any individual or group, but rather developed by a group to help maintain structure on the internet.

Technology Trends in the Home

Smart home technologies like Amazon Echo Hub, Google Nest, and others are becoming increasingly popular.

Powerline Networking

Powerline networking allows devices to connect to a LAN in areas where data network cables or wireless communications are not viable.

Wireless Broadband

Wireless broadband is commonly found in rural environments, using the same cellular technology as smartphones.
It provides wireless or wired connectivity for devices at home.

Network Security

Network security is an integral part of networking, regardless of the size of the network.
Securing a network involves many protocols, technologies, devices, tools, and techniques to secure data and mitigate threats.

Networking Programming

Host Roles

A computer on a network is called a host or end device.

Servers

Servers are computers that provide information to end devices, such as email servers, web servers, and file servers.

Peer to Peer

A peer-to-peer network allows devices to act as both clients and servers.
This type of network design is only recommended for very small networks.

End Devices

End devices are where a message originates from or where it is received.
Data originates with an end device, flows through the network, and arrives at an end device.

Intermediary Network Devices

Intermediary devices interconnect end devices and manage data as it flows through the network.
They also regenerate and retransmit data signals, maintain information about network pathways, and notify other devices of errors and communication failures.

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Description

Learn about hosts, end devices, and server types in computer networking, including email, web, and file servers. Understand their roles and how clients access them.