Nervous System Overview Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are the two main organ systems that control the body's functions?

  • Endocrine and reproductive systems
  • Nervous and digestive systems
  • Nervous and endocrine systems (correct)
  • Central and peripheral systems

    • Which part of the nervous system is comprised of the brain and spinal cord?

  • Peripheral Nervous System
  • Central Nervous System (correct)
  • Autonomic Nervous System
  • Somatic Nervous System

    • What role do motor neurons play in the nervous system?

  • Support the structure of neurons
  • Stimulate or inhibit peripheral tissues (correct)
  • Deliver information to the CNS
  • Analyze inputs and coordinate outputs

    • Which type of neuron is primarily responsible for delivering sensory information to the central nervous system?

    <p>Sensory neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function do neuroglia cells serve in the nervous system?

    <p>Provide a supporting framework for neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?

    <p>Receive information inward</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of neuron is characterized by having one dendrite and one axon?

    <p>Bipolar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of oligodendrocytes in the nervous system?

    <p>Responsible for myelination of axons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which glial cells are involved in surrounding and supporting peripheral axons?

    <p>Schwann cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function do microglia primarily serve in the nervous system?

    <p>Phagocytic defense against germs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Na⁺ - K⁺ ion pump in a neuron?

    <p>It maintains the resting potential of the neuron.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements correctly describes excitation in neurons?

    <p>It happens when Na⁺ channels open, leading to depolarization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes ascending pathways in the central nervous system?

    <p>They relay sensory information from the body to the brain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What results in hyperpolarization of a neuron's membrane potential?

    <p>The opening of K⁺ channels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the peripheral nervous system is primarily responsible for supporting neuronal cell bodies?

    <p>Ganglia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What neurotransmitter is released at cholinergic synapses?

    <p>Acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates the rapid depolarization in the generation of an action potential?

    <p>Entrance of sodium ions into the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the meninges is the innermost layer?

    <p>Pia mater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of propagation occurs primarily in myelinated axons?

    <p>Saltatory propagation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine?

    <p>Modulating arousal and alertness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process describes the spread of information from one neuron to several others?

    <p>Divergence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What components are part of the presynaptic structure at a synapse?

    <p>Axon terminal and synaptic vesicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of communication between neurons at a synapse?

    <p>Chemical signaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of acetylcholinesterase in the synaptic cleft?

    <p>To break down acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process refers to the recovery of the membrane to its resting state after an action potential?

    <p>Repolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the cerebrum?

    <p>Conscious thought and intellectual activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure surrounds the sensory nuclei of the spinal cord?

    <p>White matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain?

    <p>It cushions and protects the brain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is responsible for coordinating voluntary movement?

    <p>Cerebellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appearance of gray matter in the spinal cord?

    <p>Appears as horns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the primary motor cortex?

    <p>Directing voluntary movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hemisphere is typically associated with categorical functions like language-based skills?

    <p>Left hemisphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the primary sensory cortex's function?

    <p>It receives somatic sensations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function is NOT attributed to the basal nuclei?

    <p>Serving as relay center for sensory pathways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT part of the diencephalon?

    <p>Cerebellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

    <p>To connect the central nervous system with the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerve is responsible for the sense of smell?

    <p>Olfactory (CN I)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerve provides autonomic control of viscera?

    <p>Vagus (CN X)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total number of cranial nerves in the human body?

    <p>12 pairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cranial nerves is NOT involved in eye movement?

    <p>Optic (CN II)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many pairs of spinal nerves are present in the human body?

    <p>31 pairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a dermatome?

    <p>A region of the body surface monitored by a pair of spinal nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which step in the reflex arc involves the activation of the effector?

    <p>Step 5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a polysynaptic reflex from a monosynaptic reflex?

    <p>Polysynaptic reflexes contain at least one interneuron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the flexor reflex?

    <p>A type of withdrawal reflex that involves multiple synapses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following spinal nerve pairs are accurately categorized?

    <p>8 Cervical, 5 Lumbar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about a monosynaptic reflex?

    <p>It synapses directly on a motor neuron.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reflex is an example of a polysynaptic reflex?

    <p>Withdrawal reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do reflexes play in the nervous system?

    <p>They provide rapid and automatic responses to stimuli.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly lists the number of spinal nerves in each category?

    <p>8 Cervical, 12 Thoracic, 5 Sacral</p> Signup and view all the answers

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