Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which bacterial species is a major reservoir for asymptomatic carriers?
Which bacterial species is a major reservoir for asymptomatic carriers?
- Treponema pallidum
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Escherichia coli
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae (correct)
Which bacterial species is characterized by small, convex, glistening, soft, mucoid colonies in culture?
Which bacterial species is characterized by small, convex, glistening, soft, mucoid colonies in culture?
- Streptococcus pyogenes
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae (correct)
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Treponema pallidum
Which bacterial species is associated with disseminated gonococcal infection presenting with fever, septic arthritis, and postular haemorrhagic skin rash?
Which bacterial species is associated with disseminated gonococcal infection presenting with fever, septic arthritis, and postular haemorrhagic skin rash?
- Haemophilus ducreyi
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae (correct)
- Treponema pallidum
- Chlamydia trachomatis
Which bacterial species is detected using nucleic amplification test and serological test in some cases?
Which bacterial species is detected using nucleic amplification test and serological test in some cases?
Which bacterial species is characterized by short, slender with fine spirals and pointed/rounded ends and exhibits corkscrew motility?
Which bacterial species is characterized by short, slender with fine spirals and pointed/rounded ends and exhibits corkscrew motility?
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Study Notes
Neisseria Gonorrhea
- Gram-negative, kidney-shaped, non-motile bacteria
- Typically found intracellularly alongside purulent material
Culture and Growth
- Cultivated using Modified Thayer Martin medium (selective for N. Gonorrhea)
Virulence Factors
- Pili: facilitate adherence to urethral mucosa
- Capsule: prevents phagocytosis
- Por Protein (1): protects phagocytosed bacteria
- Opa protein (2): enables attachment and migration into epithelial cells
- RMP: induces antibody production to block immune bactericidal activity
Pathogenesis
- Causes pyogenic infection of urethra and uterine cervix
- Modes of transmission:
- Male to female (via semen)
- Female to male (via urethra)
- Anal sex
- Oral sex
- Perinatal (mother to infant)
Clinical Findings
- Males:
- Urethritis
- Multiple discharging sinuses
- Epididymitis (unilateral pain and swelling)
- Females:
- Cervicitis
- Vulvovaginitis
- Endometritis
- Salphingitis
- Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID, may cause sterility)
- Presents with lower abdominal pain, discharge, irregular menstruation, bleeding, and fever, or asymptomatic
Lab Diagnosis
- Specimen sources:
- Pus from urethra, cervix
- Synovial joints
- Rectum
- Conjunctiva
- Throat
- Note: Drug resistance to penicillin is common
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