69 Questions
Which shape do Neisseria meningitidis bacteria have?
Coffee-bean shaped
What is the most important virulence factor of Neisseria meningitidis?
Capsule
What is the frequency of asymptomatic Neisseria meningitidis carriers in the healthy population?
Between 2% and 30%
Which bacterium is the exclusive human pathogen and the ethiological agent of gonorrhea?
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Which strain of Neisseria meningitidis causes meningitis and primarily affects infants younger than 2 years?
B
Which type of gonorrhea transmission occurs when a mother transmits the bacterium to her newborn during childbirth?
Vertical route
Which gram-negative facultative anaerobic rod is lactose positive and commonly found in the healthy intestine?
Escherichia coli
Which specialized epithelial cells are the site of internalization of S. Typhi?
M cells
What is the main reservoir during chronic infection with S. Typhi?
Gall bladder
Which Vibrio species is associated with epidemics and pandemics of cholera?
Vibrio cholerae O1
What is the causative agent of cholera?
Vibrio cholerae
What is the standard first-line therapy for H. pylori?
Triple therapy consisting of proton pump inhibitors, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin
What is the primary reservoir for H. pylori?
Humans
What is the most common symptom of Salmonella infection?
Nausea and vomiting
What is the dose required to give symptomatic disease for Salmonella?
Between 107 and 108 cells
What is the causative agent of bacillary dysentery?
Shigella
Which subgroup of Shigella produces a termolabil eso-toxin (Shiga toxin)?
Shigella A
How is dysentery typically contracted?
Ingestion of contaminated water or food
What physiological effects can Shiga toxin have on the body?
Damage to the intestinal epithelial cells
What is the major route through which pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli cause disease?
Foodborne transmission
Which serotype of Escherichia coli is the most common cause of hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome?
E. coli O157
Which pathogenic group of Escherichia coli strongly and tightly adheres to the intestinal epithelium, causing a reduced absorption of nutrients and resulting in watery diarrhea?
Enteropathogenic E. coli
Which Escherichia coli strain is the leading cause of infant diarrhea in developing countries and traveler's diarrhea?
Enterotoxigenic E. coli
Which shape do Neisseria meningitidis bacteria have?
Coffee-bean shaped
What is the most important virulence factor of Neisseria meningitidis?
Capsule
What is the frequency of asymptomatic Neisseria meningitidis carriers in the healthy population?
2-30%
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of gonorrhea infection?
Vaginal discharge
Which type of Neisseria bacteria is the most common cause of meningitis worldwide?
Neisseria meningitidis
What is the primary route of transmission for pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli?
Ingestion of contaminated food or water
Which type of Shigella produces a termolabil eso-toxin (Shiga toxin)?
S. flexneri
Which of the following is a characteristic of Shigella bacteria?
They are motile
What is the incubation period for bacillary dysentery caused by Shigella?
3-6 hours
Which subgroup of Shigella produces an exotoxin that can cause kidney failure and coma?
Shigella A
What is the most common and important member of the Escherichia genus?
Escherichia coli
What is the primary site of internalization of S. Typhi in the small intestine?
M cells
Which of the following is a common site of secondary infection during systemic infection with S. Typhi?
Gall bladder
Which Vibrio species is not associated with epidemics and pandemics of cholera?
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
What is the mechanism of action of the cholera toxin produced by V. cholerae?
It alters the permeability of the mucosal membrane
Which bacterium is an important cause of acute and chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastric adenocarcinoma, and MALT lymphoma?
Helicobacter pylori
What is the standard first-line therapy for H. pylori?
Triple therapy with proton pump inhibitors, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin
Which Salmonella strain is the common cause of salmonellosis and is often transmitted through poultry and eggs?
S. Enteritidis
What is the sensitivity and specificity range of the breath test used to determine the presence of H. pylori?
94% to 98%
Which type of Escherichia coli causes dysentery with blood and pus in the stool?
Enteroinvasive E. coli
Which virulence factor of Enterotoxigenic E. coli causes the secretion of sodium, chlore, potassium, bicarbonate and water, outside from cell, in intestines?
Heat-labile exotoxin
Which type of Escherichia coli is the leading cause of infant diarrhea in developing countries and traveler's diarrhea?
Enterotoxigenic E. coli
What is the major route through which pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli cause disease?
Fecal-oral transmission
Which of the following is NOT caused by Neisseria meningitidis?
Pneumonia
What is the main route of person-to-person spread of Neisseria meningitidis?
Aerosolization of respiratory tract secretion
What is the most important virulence factor of Neisseria meningitidis?
Capsule
Which bacterium is the exclusive human pathogen and is commonly transmitted through sexual contact?
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
What is the most common symptom of gonorrhea in men?
Penile discharge
Which strain of Neisseria meningitidis is responsible for most disease cases worldwide?
Type B
Which Enterobacteriaceae is lactose positive and commonly found in the healthy intestine?
Escherichia coli
Which type of Shigella ferments mannitol and includes 15 serotypes?
Shigella C
What is the primary cause of dysentery, a disease characterized by diarrhea containing blood, mucus and pus?
Shigella
Which subgroup of Shigella produces a termolabil eso-toxin (Shiga toxin) that damages intestinal epithelial cells and can cause damage to the kidney and central nervous system?
Shigella A
Which type of bacteria is the most common and important member of the Escherichia genus and is commonly found in the lower intestine of humans?
Escherichia coli
What specialized epithelial cells are the primary site of internalization of S. Typhi in the small intestine?
M cells
Which of the following is a common site of secondary infection during systemic infection with S. Typhi?
Gall bladder
What is the primary route of transmission for pathogenic strains of V. cholerae?
Ingestion of contaminated food or water
What is the most effective antibiotic treatment for S. Typhi infection?
Fluoroquinolones
Which bacterium is an important cause of acute and chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastric adenocarcinoma, and MALT lymphoma?
Helicobacter pylori
What is the standard first-line therapy for H. pylori?
A one-week triple therapy of proton pump inhibitors, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin
What is the most common symptom of Salmonella infection?
Nausea and vomiting
What is the dose required to give symptomatic disease in Salmonella infections?
Between 106 – 108 cells
Which type of Escherichia coli causes dysentery with blood and pus in the stool?
Enteroinvasive E. coli
What is the leading cause of hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome?
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli
What is the most common cause of infant diarrhea in developing countries and traveler's diarrhea?
Enterotoxigenic E. coli
Which virulence factor of Enterotoxigenic E. coli causes the secretion of sodium, chloride, potassium, bicarbonate and water, outside from cell, in intestines?
Heat-labile exotoxin (LT-1)
Test your knowledge about E. coli and its association with diseases in this informative quiz. Learn about the different strains and their varying levels of virulence, as well as their specific associations with certain illnesses. Perfect for anyone interested in microbiology or healthcare.
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