NEET 2025 - Biology: Living World

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Questions and Answers

What is the 'order' in the following taxonomic hierarchy: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species?

  • Phylum
  • Class (correct)
  • Genus
  • Family

Which of the following is NOT a valid taxonomic category?

  • Division (correct)
  • Kingdom
  • Family
  • Genus

What is the correct taxonomic classification of Solanum tuberosum? (Based on the chart above, it would be: Family: Solanaceae, Genus: Solanum, Species: tuberosum)

  • Kingdom: Plantae, Phylum: Angiospermae, Class: Dicotyledoneae, Order: Polymoniales, Family: Solanaceae, Genus: Solanum, Species: tuberosum (correct)
  • Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Chordata, Class: Aves, Order: Columbiformes, Family: Columbidae, Genus: Columba, Species: livia
  • Kingdom: Plantae, Phylum: Angiospermae, Class: Dicotyledoneae, Order: Polymoniales, Family: Fabaceae, Genus: Solanum, Species: tuberosum
  • Kingdom: Plantae, Phylum: Angiospermae, Class: Monocotyledoneae, Order: Polymoniales, Family: Solanaceae, Genus: Solanum, Species: tuberosum

Which of the following is the correct pairing of the taxonomic category and its corresponding example?

<p>Order: <em>Polymoniales</em> (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the scientific name for a potato plant?

<p>Solanum tuberosum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who published "Systema Naturae"?

<p>Linnaeus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living organisms?

<p>Inertia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents the highest level of taxonomic classification?

<p>Kingdom (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the taxonomic category indicated by the suffix '-aceae'?

<p>Family (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which among the given options is a viable and visible taxon?

<p>Species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following options represents the basic process of taxonomy?

<p>Specification (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is the odd taxonomic category among the given options?

<p>Polymoniales (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a prerequisite to observe metabolism?

<p>Cellular organization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following suffixes is used for the unit of classification 'family' in plants?

<p>-aceae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What taxonomic categories are included in a genus?

<p>Species only (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with binomial nomenclature?

<p>Linnaeus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who proposed the biological species concept?

<p>Ernst Mayr (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which context do metabolic reactions occur?

<p>Both in living and non-living organisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct format for the botanical name of mango?

<p>Mangifera indica (A), Mangifera indica (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To which order does the housefly belong in taxonomical classification?

<p>Diptera (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which taxonomic term can be suggested for any rank in classification?

<p>Taxon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Select the correct order of taxonomic categories in ascending order.

<p>Kingdom → division → class → order → family → genus → species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following orders is associated with the plant ‘brinjal’?

<p>Dicotyledonae (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category in the classification system deals with plant divisions?

<p>Division (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered the lowest category of the animal kingdom?

<p>Species (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining feature that differentiates a human being and a cow?

<p>Self consciousness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'taxon' refer to in biological classification?

<p>Family (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When two different genera are classified in the same family, what can be inferred about their classification?

<p>The same class but different species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the process of categorizing organisms into different groups?

<p>Classification (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about growth is correct?

<p>Increase in mass and increase in number of individuals are twin characteristics of growth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for nomenclature or naming of an organism to be valid?

<p>It must be correctly described and associated with the right organism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In biological classification, which of the following is the correct order from broadest to most specific?

<p>Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Genus, Species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of taxonomic categories from specific to general?

<p>Species → genus → kingdom → phylum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which taxonomic category does Dicotyledonae belong to, similar to the category for humans?

<p>Primata (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Binomial nomenclature, what does the specific epithet indicate?

<p>The more common feature of the organism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organisms exhibit a synonymy between reproduction and growth?

<p>Bacteria, unicellular algae and Amoeba (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common phenomenon exhibited by living and non-living organisms that demonstrates growth?

<p>Increase in mass (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about scientific and vernacular names is correct?

<p>Scientific names ensure that each organism has only one name. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option represents a correct pairing of taxonomic orders?

<p>Polymoniales and Sapindales (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main distinguishing feature of the generic name in Binomial nomenclature?

<p>It indicates the generic characteristic. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly characterizes the house fly?

<p>It is categorized under the family Musca. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does binomial nomenclature specifically refer to?

<p>A dual naming system consisting of a genus and species. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding the levels of taxonomic hierarchy is incorrect?

<p>As we progress from kingdom to species, characteristics will increase. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes are essential to taxonomy?

<p>Characterization, classification, identification, and nomenclature. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'metabolism' refer to in the biological context?

<p>Chemical processes occurring in an organism. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by a hierarchy in taxonomy?

<p>The arrangement of taxonomic categories in a structured manner. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the processes of taxonomy is false?

<p>Characterization is irrelevant in taxonomy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the metabolism of different life forms is incorrect?

<p>Metabolism is strictly exclusive to multicellular organisms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Biological Species Concept

Species are defined as groups that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

Metabolic Reactions

Biochemical processes that occur in living organisms to sustain life.

Botanical Name

Scientific naming system using genus and species, e.g., Mangifera indica.

Taxonomic Rank

Hierarchy used in biological classification of organisms; e.g., kingdom, phylum.

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Order in Taxonomy

Rank in biological classification; for example, Diptera for houseflies.

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Classification Order

Ascending order: Kingdom, division, class, order, family, genus, species.

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Housefly Order

The housefly belongs to the order Diptera in taxonomy.

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Taxon

Any unit of biological classification, including species, genus or family.

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Lowest Taxonomic Category

The lowest category in the classification of living organisms is Species.

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Genus

A genus is a rank in biological classification that groups together species sharing common characteristics.

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Nomenclature

Nomenclature is the system of naming organisms, which requires a correct description.

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Reproduction in Animals

Reproduction is one of the key functions that distinguishes living organisms, alongside growth.

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Classification Levels

Living organisms are classified into hierarchical categories such as kingdom, phylum, class, etc.

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Taxonomic Hierarchy

The taxonomic hierarchy consists of categories such as Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species.

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Growth and Reproduction

Growth and reproduction are fundamental characteristics of living organisms, often discussed together.

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Characteristics of Living Organisms

Features that distinguish living things, such as growth, reproduction, and response to stimuli.

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Diversity in Living World

The variety of species and forms of life on Earth, highlighting differences in structure and function.

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Taxonomic Categories

The hierarchical system used to classify organisms, including Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.

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Systema Naturae

A work published by Linnaeus that laid the foundation for the modern biological classification system.

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Species

A group of individuals that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

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Biological Species

Members of a species that can potentially interbreed and share a common gene pool.

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Taxonomic Sequence

The order of classification categories: species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom.

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Binomial Nomenclature

A two-part naming system for organisms: genus and species.

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Dicotyledonae

A taxonomic category representing flowering plants with two seed leaves.

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Growth Phenomena

Common phenomena exhibited by organisms; can include mass increase or cell division.

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Reproduction and Growth

In some organisms, like bacteria and amoeba, reproduction is synonymous with growth.

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Living vs Non-living Growth

Living organisms exhibit growth through processes like cell division; non-living do not.

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Characteristics of Scientific Names

Scientific names ensure that each organism is uniquely named.

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Vernacular Names

Common names of organisms that may overlap with others, leading to confusion.

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House Fly Family

The house fly belongs to the family Musca.

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Phylum of House Fly

The house fly is classified under the phylum Arthropoda.

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Incorrect Statement in Taxonomy

A true species is reproductively isolated; false if populations interbreed.

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Taxonomic Arrangement

The ascending or descending arrangement of taxonomic categories is called hierarchy.

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Components of Taxonomy

Characterisation, identification, classification, and nomenclature are basic processes.

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Taxonomic Suffix for Family

The suffix –aceae is used to indicate the taxonomic category of family in plant classification.

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Viable Taxon Definition

A viable and visible taxon refers to a classification that can be classified and observed, commonly at the species level.

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Prerequisite for Metabolism

Growth is a prerequisite to observe metabolism in organisms, as living things must grow to show metabolic processes.

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Basic Taxonomy Processes

The basic processes of taxonomy include classification, identification, specification, and nomenclature.

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Linnaeus' Contribution

Linnaeus is credited with creating the system of binomial nomenclature for naming species.

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Class in Taxonomy

A class is a taxonomic group that encompasses one or more related orders.

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Genera Composition

A genus consists of related species, serving as a way to group similar organisms.

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Study Notes

NEET 2025 - Biology: Living World

  • Topic: Matching columns and choosing correct options
    • Column I: Family, Kingdom, Order, Species, Genus
    • Column II: P tuberosum, Q Polymoniales, R Solanum, S Plantae, T Solanaceae
    • Correct matching: P-E, Q-D, R-B, S-A, T-C
  • Topic: Biological species concept
    • Proposed by: Ernst Mayr
  • Topic: Metabolic reactions
    • Occur in: Living organisms, cell-free systems, both living and non-living organisms
  • Topic: Botanical name of Mango
    • Correct: Mangifera indica
  • Topic: Housefly taxonomic order
    • Order: Diptera
  • Topic: Families with common characters
    • Called: A number of families having common character is called a phylum.
  • Topic: Systema Naturae publication
    • Publisher: Linnaeus
  • Topic: Identifying order from options
    • Example: Carnivora
  • Topic: Properties of biological species
    • Ability to interbreed
  • Topic: Taxonomic term for any rank
    • Term: Taxon
  • Topic: Taxonomic categories in ascending order
    • Correct order: Kingdom → division → class → order → family → genus → species
  • Topic: Defining characteristic of living organisms
    • Growth: Increase in mass/size
    • Ability to respond to external stimuli
    • Reproduction: Producing offspring (but not always all inclusive)
  • Topic: Reproduction within classification groups
    • Can occur in species
  • Topic: Examples of classes
    • Examples: Insecta, Mammalia, Dicotyledonae
  • Topic: Examples of taxonomic groups Polymoniales, Sapindales
    • These are examples of order
  • Topic: Binomial nomenclature details
    • Generic name then specific epithet (in italics)
  • Topic: Taxonomic categories
    • Species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom.
  • Topic: Dead organisms
    • Do not grow
  • Topic: Regeneration examples
    • Hydra, sponges, planaria
  • Topic: Highest taxonomic category
    • Kingdom
  • Topic: Mangifera indica species breakdown
    • L: Linnaeus (botanist)
  • Topic: Common link of living organisms
    • Shared genetic material (to varying degrees)
  • Topic: Defining properties of living organisms
    • Consciousness, growth, cellular organization, metabolism, reproduction
  • Topic: Definition of metabolism
    • Release or gain of energy in a reaction
  • Topic: Low category in animal kingdom
    • Species
  • Topic: Human and cow differentiation
    • Based on differences in features, including self-consciousness
  • Topic: Definition of Taxon
    • Refers to any taxonomic rank - including species, family, division, etc.
  • Topic: Taxonomic characteristics of families
    • Based on shared characteristics in both vegetative and reproductive features.
  • Topic: Systematics concept
    • Branch of biology dealing with classification of organisms in an orderly arrangement or manner
  • Topic: Taxonomic category which is most inclusive
    • Kingdom
  • Topic: Correct scientific name of Mango
    • Mangifera indica Linn. (Note: The last abbreviation refers to Linnaeus)
  • Topic: Identifying universal rules of nomenclature
    • Names are Latin-based or latinized, should be underlined/italics, first word(genus) capitalized, species lowercase.
  • Topic: Examples of living processes characteristics (e.g., Growth, etc.)
    • Growth (increase in mass), Reproduction, Metabolism (chemical reactions), Cellular organization
  • Topic: Scientific names purpose
    • Ensures each organism has only one name.
  • Topic: Wheat family
    • Poaceae
  • Topic: Class Mammalia components
    • Includes Order Primata & Order Carnivora (e.g., humans, dogs)
  • Topic: Scientific name of each species components
    • First word (specific epithet) is the genus, the second word is the specific epithet.
  • Topic: Biodiversity definition
    • Includes number and types of organisms on earth.
  • Topic: Plants growth throughout life
    • Through cell division
  • Topic: Reasoning why reproduction is not universally inclusive for all living things
    • Some sterile organisms still exist and reproduce.
  • Topic: Classification organization - families
    • Collection of related genera.
  • Topic: Taxonomic hierarchy ascending
    • Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.
  • Topic: Taxonomic properties for increasing number of characteristics
    • As you move from Kingdom to species, the number of shared characteristics decrease.

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