Biological and Metabolic Classification of Amino Acids Quiz

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At what pH are amino acids fully protonated?

pH = 3

pH = 5

pH = 7.2

pH = 1 (correct)

What is the net charge of Lys at pH ≈ 3?

0

-1

+1 (correct)

+2

What is the net charge of Asp at pH ≈ 5?

0

-1 (correct)

+1

-2

At physiological pH (pH ≈ 7.2), what is the net charge of a non-polar amino acid like Ala?

0 Signup and view all the answers

What is the net charge of Lys at pH ≈ 10?

0 Signup and view all the answers

What is the net charge of a protein rich in acidic amino acids (Asp and Glu) at physiological pH?

Negative Signup and view all the answers

Which type of amino acids must be provided in the diet or as supplements under severe physical stress, trauma, growth, cancer, or pregnancy?

Conditionally essential amino acids Signup and view all the answers

Which amino acids can be converted to both glucose and ketone bodies when metabolized?

Mixed amino acids Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure called where the positive and negative charges of an amino acid coexist?

Zwitterion Signup and view all the answers

Which type of amino acid is considered essential and must be obtained from the diet?

Essential amino acids Signup and view all the answers

How many amino acids are in a tripeptide?

3 Signup and view all the answers

Which amino acids can be converted to ketone bodies when metabolized?

Ketogenic amino acids Signup and view all the answers

What is the main force that stabilizes the primary structure of proteins?

Peptide bonds Signup and view all the answers

What are the two most common secondary structures found in proteins?

Alpha helix and beta sheet Signup and view all the answers

How are the adjacent peptide chains or fragments connected in a beta sheet structure?

By hydrogen bonds Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a basic amino acid?

Glutamic acid Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle behind the technique of electrophoresis?

Separation of proteins based on their net charge Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the quaternary structure in proteins?

Arranges the multiple subunits of a protein Signup and view all the answers

What factor can denature proteins by weakening their stabilizing bonds?

Heat Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor that can denature proteins?

Water Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the protein in the human brain that misfolding leads to Alzheimer's disease?

β-amyloid protein Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic distinguishes prions in their infectious form from their normal form?

Protease resistance Signup and view all the answers

What type of changes occur in the central nervous system (CNS) due to prion-mediated diseases?

Spongiform changes Signup and view all the answers

How are prions transmitted to humans through cooked food?

Resistant to heat Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of fibrous proteins according to the text?

Structural support Signup and view all the answers

Which type of proteins is mostly insoluble in water as mentioned in the text?

Fibrous proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of globular proteins based on the information presented?

Transporters Signup and view all the answers

Which level of protein structure involves proteins with multiple subunits connected mainly by what type of bonds?

Covalent bonds Signup and view all the answers

Protein denaturation refers to the loss of what from proteins according to the text?

3D structure Signup and view all the answers

Which protein listed is an example of a fibrous protein according to the text?

Keratin Signup and view all the answers