NCM 105 Nutrition and Diet Therapy

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Questions and Answers

What describes a person who relies primarily on medicine to treat health symptoms?

They meet their health needs at a minimum level. (correct)

They are entirely dependent on social support.

They exhibit optimal health across all areas.

They ignore their physical and mental health.

Which of the following factors influences foodways?

A decrease in food variety.

Only personal preferences and habits.

Religious beliefs and political views. (correct)

Time of day and meal frequency.

What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in relation to satiety?

It regulates emotional eating patterns.

It controls the desire to eat. (correct)

It manages blood sugar levels.

It assists in food absorption rates.

How is a person categorized at a poor level of health?

They meet their needs only to reverse symptoms. Signup and view all the answers

What primarily drives the physiological urge to eat?

Hunger Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between emotional state and foodways?

Emotional state is a primary determinant of culinary practices. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does not contribute to proper nutrition?

Excessive sugar intake Signup and view all the answers

What best defines the term 'satiety'?

A state in which there is no longer a desire to eat. Signup and view all the answers

Which level of health indicates that a person meets most needs but there are notable deficiencies?

Good level of health. Signup and view all the answers

What is considered the most important nutrient for humans?

Water Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a factor influencing foodways?

Proximity to food sources. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about essential nutrients is true?

The amount of essential nutrients needed varies but not their necessity. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a healthy diet?

Supplemented with extreme fasting Signup and view all the answers

Foodborne infection is caused by what type of contamination?

Eating food that contains living microorganisms Signup and view all the answers

Malnutrition can result from which of the following factors?

Disease states and inadequate diets Signup and view all the answers

Which nutrient principle emphasizes the importance of consuming a diverse range of foods?

Variety Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines nutrients?

Substances needed by the body for various functions Signup and view all the answers

What are micronutrients primarily composed of?

Vitamins and minerals Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about antioxidants is accurate?

They prevent oxidation by reacting with oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of fiber in the diet?

To aid in digestion and cannot be digested by human enzymes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of diet therapy?

Using food to manage specific medical conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'functional food'?

Food with recognized health benefits beyond traditional nutrients Signup and view all the answers

Which dimension is NOT part of the wellness concept?

Cultural Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of health?

A state of physical, mental, and emotional well-being Signup and view all the answers

What is foodborne intoxication primarily caused by?

Harmful chemicals or toxins in food Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bacteria is known to cause illness from undercooked ground beef?

Escherichia coli Signup and view all the answers

What regulatory agency is involved in the safety and hygiene of processed foods in the Philippines?

Department of Health (DOH) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main food source for Clostridium perfringens?

Beef and poultry Signup and view all the answers

How can people best protect themselves from foodborne illnesses?

By cleaning kitchen surfaces and utensils Signup and view all the answers

Which pathogen has been linked to contaminated water and poor hygiene practices?

Shigella species Signup and view all the answers

What is a common food source for Staphylococcus aureus?

Ham and cream-filled pastries Signup and view all the answers

Which regulatory agency was formerly known as BFAD?

Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Importance of Nutrition and Diet Therapy

Nutrition and diet therapy are essential for health, growth, and disease management.
Nutrients provide heat/energy, build and repair tissues, and regulate bodily functions.

Definitions and Key Terms

Food: Substances ingested that sustain life and growth.
Nutrients: Chemical substances vital for body functions, divided into:
- Macronutrients: Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and water.
- Micronutrients: Vitamins and minerals.
Phytochemicals: Compounds from plants that may influence physiological processes.
Antioxidants: Substances that prevent oxidation, protecting the body from damage by reactive oxygen species.
Fiber: Indigestible plant parts beneficial for digestive health.
Functional Food: Foods with health benefits beyond basic nutrition.

Concepts of Health and Wellness

Nutrition: The science of food and its relations to health, including digestion, absorption, and excretion.
Health: A state of complete physical, mental, and emotional well-being.
Wellness: The integration of multiple health dimensions, focusing on maximizing human potential.

Diet and Diet Therapy

Diet: Regularly consumed foods, may include therapeutic restrictions.
Diet Therapy: The use of food for health management and disease treatment.
Health is depicted on a spectrum from optimal functioning to disease-related mortality.

Foodways and Influencing Factors

Foodways encompass a culture's dietary habits shaped by various influences:
- Preferences, habits, ethnic heritage, social interactions, and health conditions.

Hunger and Appetite

Hunger: The physiological need to eat, regulated by innate cues.
Appetite: Psychological influences prompting food intake without hunger.

Nutritional Theories

Water is the most crucial nutrient for sustaining life.
Essential nutrients must be obtained through diet; adequate balance is necessary for health.
Good nutrition is vital for growth, organ development, tissue repair, and infection resistance.

Human Nutrition Principles

Recognizes that food is a basic human necessity, influencing health.
Malnutrition can stem from poor dietary choices or genetic factors.
Key dietary characteristics include adequacy, variety, and balance with no foods being strictly 'good' or 'bad'.

Healthy Diet Components

Components of a healthy diet: Adequacy, Balance, Calorie Control, Nutrient Density, Variety, and Moderation.

Food Quality and Safety

Food Quality: Aggregate properties and attributes of food.
Foodborne Illness: Caused by pathogens, classified into:
- Infection: Living organisms, e.g., Salmonella.
- Intoxication: Harmful toxins, e.g., Clostridium botulinum.
- Toxin-mediated Infection: Organisms produce toxins inside the body.

Food Safety in the Philippines

Key agencies include the Department of Agriculture (DA) and Department of Health (DOH) with various bureaus overseeing different food sectors.

Common Bacteria in Foodborne Illnesses

Salmonella: Found in undercooked meats, poultry, eggs.
Campylobacter jejuni: Associated with contaminated water and undercooked meats.
Escherichia coli: Linked to undercooked beef and unpasteurized products.
Shigella: Contaminated water and hygiene-related food issues.
Staphylococcus aureus: Found in ham, poultry, and creamy foods.
Clostridium perfringens: Common in beef and poultry.

Preventing Foodborne Illnesses

Maintain cleanliness in kitchens, hands, and utensils.
Ensure proper handling of food to minimize contamination risks.

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Description

Explore the fundamental concepts of Nutrition and Diet Therapy in this NCM 105 quiz. Understand the definitions of food, nutrients, and the importance of essential nutrients for maintaining life and health. Assess your knowledge on how nutrition supports bodily functions and overall wellness.