Introduction to Nutrition and Diet Therapy

Questions and Answers

What is the definition of nutritional status?

The classification of nutrients into energy-yielding and protective.

The amount of nutrients needed for healthy living.

The study of food and its effect on health.

The state of the body as a result of food consumed. (correct)

Which of the following is classified as protective nutrients?

Vitamins (correct)

Carbohydrates

Fat

Proteins

What is the main focus of dietetics?

The organic compounds found in food.

Classification of body-building nutrients.

Practical application of nutrition principles. (correct)

The role of carbohydrates in energy production.

Which nutrient classification includes proteins?

Body building Signup and view all the answers

What does a balanced diet involve?

Selecting the right food components in the right proportions. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'nutrition' derive from?

A word meaning to suckle. Signup and view all the answers

What does nutritional imbalance refer to?

The state resulting from disproportionate nutrients. Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of daily calorie intake is recommended from fats?

20-30 % Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a function of food?

Enhancement of financial status. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is classified as a macronutrient?

Protein Signup and view all the answers

What is the calorific value of fats per gram?

9 calories Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT listed as affecting nutrition and meal planning?

Geographic location Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius?

Calorie Signup and view all the answers

What type of malnutrition results from excessive intake of nutrients?

Overnutrition Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is classified as a micronutrient?

Vitamin Signup and view all the answers

Which process is integral for maintaining life through physical and chemical changes in an organism?

Metabolism Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nutritional Status

Represents the body's condition based on food consumption.

Nutritional Requirements

Refers to the quantity of nutrients necessary for sustaining a healthy life.

Nutrition

The scientific exploration of food and its impact on health.

Nutritionist

A professional who provides guidance on various aspects of nutrition.

Imbalance

A pathological condition arising from nutrient disproportion.

Food Definition

Any substance that supplies energy, supports physical growth, and aids in tissue repair.

Food Components

Organic compounds include proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and vitamins.
Inorganic elements comprise water and minerals.

Functions of Foods

Promote physical growth and development.
Generate energy.
Enhance materials for bodily functions.
Protect against diseases.

Dietetics

The application of nutritional principles in health and disease.

Balanced Diet

Involves selecting appropriate food components in correct proportions to support good health and disease prevention.

Nutrients Classification

Energy Yielding: Carbohydrates and fats.
Body Building: Proteins.
Protective: Vitamins and minerals.

Macronutrients

Includes proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.
Required in grams per day for growth, metabolism, and energy; accounts for 20-30% fats, 30% protein, and 40-50% carbohydrates.

Micronutrients

Comprises vitamins and minerals, needed in milligrams/ug per day.
Essential for health maintenance and detoxification; do not provide calories.

Calorie Definition

Amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1°C.

Caloric Measurement

Food energy is measured in kilocalories (kcal).
Conversion: 1000 calories = 1 kcal; 1 kcal = 4.184 kilojoules (kJ).

Caloric Values per Gram

Carbohydrates: 4 calories.
Fats: 9 calories.
Protein: 4 calories.

Metabolism

Originates from "metabolismos," meaning to change; encompasses all vital processes in living cells required for life maintenance.

Malnutrition

Results from an unbalanced diet or insufficient food intake.

Types of Malnutrition

Overnutrition: Excess nutrient intake (hyperalimentation).
Undernutrition: Nutrient deficiency due to inadequate intake or poor nutrient absorption.

Factors Affecting Nutrition and Meal Planning

Age: Children require more nutrients than adults due to growth needs.
Sex: Nutritional needs vary between men and women, affecting balanced diet requirements.

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Description

This quiz covers the fundamentals of nutrition and its importance for maintaining health. Explore concepts such as nutritional status, requirements, and the role of food in physical growth and energy. It's an essential resource for anyone interested in diet therapy and nutritional advice.