NCERT Civics Class 6 Chapter 9: Challenges in Urban Livelihood

Study Notes

Challenges in Urban Livelihood

Class 6 NCERT Civics Chapter 9 discusses the various challenges faced by people living in urban areas, particularly in terms of their livelihoods. This article will focus on the subtopics mentioned in the question and provide a comprehensive understanding of the challenges faced by urban dwellers.

Informal Sector Jobs

A significant portion of urban dwellers work in the informal sector, which includes self-employment and casual jobs. These jobs lack security and protection, making it difficult for workers to plan their future and provide for their families.

Street Vending

One of the most common informal sector jobs in urban areas is street vending. These vendors often struggle with limited opportunities and end up working for low wages, making it difficult for them to make ends meet.

Low Income and Affordable Housing

Many urban workers, particularly those in informal sector jobs, cannot afford permanent accommodation. As a result, they are forced to sleep on pavements near their workplaces or pay for a bed at a nearby night shelter.

Pavement Dwellers

Pavement dwellers, often referred to as "pavement boys," are a prevalent sight in many urban areas. They don't have any permanent accommodation and have to set up their homes on the streets, leaving their belongings during the day and cooking their meals at night.

Lack of Security and Support

Urban dwellers, especially those in informal sector jobs, often lack the necessary support and security that comes with formal employment. In the absence of proper employment, they must rely on local tea and cigarette shops, moneylenders, and safety lockers for temporary solutions.

Unfair Wages and Exploitation

Many urban workers, particularly those in casual jobs, face issues related to unfair wages and exploitation. They often have no choice but to accept low wages or work long hours without proper compensation.

Limited Opportunities

The opportunities in urban areas are often limited, especially for migrant workers. As a result, they end up working in low-paying jobs that do not provide adequate income or job security.

In conclusion, urban dwellers face numerous challenges in terms of livelihood, including informal sector jobs, low income, affordable housing, lack of security, exploitation, and limited opportunities. Understanding these challenges is crucial for designing effective policies and interventions to improve the lives of urban residents.

Description

Explore the challenges faced by urban dwellers, including informal sector jobs, low income, lack of security, exploitation, and limited opportunities. Understand the issues related to street vending, pavement dwellers, and the struggle for affordable housing in urban areas.