Livelihood in Urban & Rural Areas

A livelihood is the combination of resources, activities, and access that individuals or households use to sustain themselves.

Rural livelihood diversification is when rural households increase the variety of their activities and resources to improve their living standards.

A sustainable livelihood is one that can withstand challenges, maintain its resources, and improve its capabilities without harming the environment.

The Sustainable Livelihoods Framework (SLF) is a model that helps us understand the factors affecting livelihoods, such as assets, strategies, context, and vulnerabilities.

Urban areas are defined by modernization and typically have large populations.

Urban livelihoods are the ways people make a living in urban areas.

Street workers, such as ice-cream sellers and vegetable vendors, are self-employed individuals who work in public spaces.

Street vendors often operate without fixed shops, adapting their business to various locations.

People who move from rural areas to cities for a short time to earn money and support their families.

Individuals who run their own businesses, like clothing stores, cafes, and pharmacies.

Workers in urban areas who have formal jobs, like engineers, doctors, and managers.

Workers in urban areas who are not formally employed, like factory workers.

Activities related to agriculture and its products, such as fishing, cattle rearing, and dairy farming.

New or modern ways of making a living in rural areas, like exporting organic produce, growing fruits, and cultivating flowers.

The growing trend of rural people moving to urban areas for work and opportunities.

They are the poorest group in rural India, working on others' land for daily wages. Their lack of landownership makes them vulnerable to exploitation.

These are farmers who cultivate their own land, but often face financial struggles due to small landholdings and the need for additional income sources.

These farmers combine their own farming with additional income activities, showcasing the need for diversification in rural livelihoods.

They are a small percentage of the rural population, holding most of the land and employing agricultural laborers. They often control local businesses and finance.

The division of occupations between rural and urban sectors is often unclear and unfair. Rural livelihoods contribute significantly to the economy.

It is the combination of activities and resources used to sustain oneself. In rural areas, this can include agriculture, small businesses, and other income sources.

Rural livelihoods are under pressure due to factors like poverty, lack of resources, and climate change.

Diversification is important for rural livelihoods. It involves adding various activities to enhance income and resilience.

A person's interest, motivation, knowledge, and skills that drive their work in the rural area.

The influence of social structures, demographics, family dynamics, and class on rural livelihoods. It shapes choices and opportunities for work.

The social norms and expectations that influence the jobs people take in rural areas. Often rooted in tradition or family history.

The ownership of land and resources within a rural community, which impacts the livelihoods of individuals and families.

Individuals in rural areas who don't own land and rely on working for others. They often move between rural and urban areas depending on work opportunities.

The seasonal nature of agricultural work, causing people to seek other occupations during times when farming is not possible. This can affect their livelihood.

The movement of rural people towards jobs in different sectors, such as manufacturing or services, as they seek better economic opportunities.

Practices that use natural resources sustainably and minimize environmental damage.

The practice of farming without using artificial fertilizers, pesticides, or genetically modified organisms.

The impact of activities like farming, fishing, logging, and mining on the environment.

The loss of forests due to clearing for agriculture, development, or other uses.

The wearing away and loss of topsoil due to wind, water, or human activities.

The contamination of water sources by harmful substances like pesticides or industrial waste.

The ability of people to change their work or income-generating activities over time.

Factors like soil type, water availability, distance from the sea, and elevation all have a huge impact on farming and related activities in rural areas.

Cultural norms and traditions, especially caste systems, strongly influence livelihood choices in rural communities. Many people may face limits in choosing their occupations.

Religious beliefs can sometimes clash with individual, societal, and national goals, making it difficult for organizations to address rural livelihoods.

Climate conditions like rainfall, wind, cyclones, floods, and seasonal temperatures greatly influence farming practices and overall rural livelihoods.

Rural livelihoods should be sustainable and environmentally friendly, avoiding pollution and protecting natural resources.

Tribal livelihoods often have the least environmental impact, while urban lifestyles tend to be the least eco-friendly.

Rural people often migrate to cities for short periods to earn money and support their families.

People in rural areas prefer to migrate to cities for seasonal work in industries and manufacturing, due to limited opportunities in farming.