Rural and Urban Livelihood Quiz

People who temporarily move from rural areas to urban centers for work, often to earn money and support their families.

Individuals who own and run their own businesses, like clothing stores, cafes, or pharmacies.

Workers in urban areas who have formal, stable jobs with benefits, such as engineers, doctors, or marketing managers.

Individuals who work in factories, often without formal contracts, and have fewer benefits compared to organized sector workers.

The range of activities people in rural areas engage in to earn a living, such as farming, fishing, or livestock raising.

The process of urban and industrial development gradually changing rural areas and their practices.

New types of jobs emerging in rural areas, often focused on export-oriented products like organic farming, horticulture, or floriculture.

A close relationship and interdependence between rural and urban livelihoods.

The resources, activities, and access needed to sustain a living. It includes natural, physical, human, financial, and social capital.

A livelihood is sustainable when it can withstand and recover from challenges without harming the natural resources it relies on.

The process where rural communities diversify income sources and assets to improve their living standards.

Areas where modernization has taken place, usually with a large population density.

Individuals who work independently in urban areas, often without a fixed location.

A framework that helps analyze livelihoods as systems, focusing on assets people use, strategies they develop, the context they operate in, and factors affecting their vulnerability.

The way of life, including occupation, that allows individuals or households to sustain themselves.

People in rural areas who work as labourers in fields and earn daily wages. They do not own land and are often exploited by rich farmers.

Villagers who farm their own land, sowing, weeding, and harvesting crops. Most have small landholdings and rely on other income sources.

Farmers who need extra income due to small landholdings. They work in nearby mills, sell dairy products, or gather forest products.

A small percentage of rural population owning a large portion of land. They hire agricultural labourers and often act as moneylenders.

The division of occupations between rural and urban areas is often arbitrary and unfair.

The process of villages transforming into cities, with a shift in occupations and infrastructure.

The situation where farmers borrow money for farming and get into debt, leading to potential suicides.

The practice of farming without using synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, or genetically modified organisms.

Clearance of forests for other uses, often leading to soil erosion and habitat loss.

The gradual wearing away of the topsoil, often caused by deforestation, unsustainable agriculture, or harsh weather.

The contamination of water supplies by harmful chemicals, often from agricultural runoff.

A society characterized by traditional values, close community ties, and a strong reliance on agriculture.

A society characterized by complex social structures, industry, and a focus on technological advancement.

The personal inclination and dedication towards engaging in rural livelihood activities, such as farming, dairy, or fishing.

The influence of social structures, demographics, family traditions, and caste systems on rural livelihoods. These factors often determine the choices people make.

The inheritance of land and wealth plays a significant role in shaping rural livelihoods. These resources often determine economic opportunities and the type of work available.

A large portion of rural inhabitants lack land ownership and rely on agricultural labor for their livelihood. They often migrate between rural and urban areas seeking work based on the season.

The cyclical nature of agricultural work compels many rural workers to shift between different jobs throughout the year. This is often necessary due to the seasonal patterns of farming.

A shift in rural occupations, moving from primary sector activities like farming to secondary and tertiary sectors like manufacturing and services, indicates economic progress. This transformation suggests a move towards a more developed economy.

Traditional, household, caste-based, and socially imposed occupations influence rural livelihoods. These factors often dictate the type of work people engage in.

The government's role in promoting personal interest, motivation, knowledge, and skills related to agriculture can encourage sustainable practices and economic development.

Limited access to rural resources, like land and cattle, restricts opportunities in agriculture for many people. This can result in seasonal migration to urban areas for non-agricultural work.

Cultural factors, like caste systems, influence rural livelihoods. Individuals may face limitations in pursuing desired occupations due to cultural norms.

Religion can significantly influence rural livelihoods. Religious practices and beliefs can sometimes clash with individual, social, and national goals, presenting challenges for authorities.

Geographic factors, like soil quality, water availability, and distance from the sea, influence agriculture and rural livelihoods. Consideration of these factors is crucial for sustainable development.

Climate affects agricultural practices, cropping patterns, and farming schedules in rural areas. Adaptation to changing climatic conditions is essential for sustainable livelihoods.

Sustainable rural livelihoods should prioritize environmental protection and minimize damage to resources. Eco-friendly practices are encouraged.

Tribal livelihoods are often seen as more environmentally friendly compared to urban livelihoods, which tend to have a greater impact on the environment.

The practice of rotating crops, a key component of sustainable agriculture, helps to maintain soil fertility, reduce pests and diseases, and improve soil health.