2024 | Social Science | Test 3
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of South Africa's water is used by homes?

  • 3% (correct)
  • 62%
  • 27%
  • 8%

    • Mines and industry are the largest users of water in South Africa, using 62% of the total.

    False

    What is the primary use of water by farmers in South Africa?

    Irrigation

    The largest percentage of water usage in South Africa is attributed to __________.

    <p>forests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following water usage categories with their descriptions:

    <p>Farmers = Use water for irrigation and animal care Homes = Use water for washing and sewage disposal Mines and industry = Use water to remove minerals from rocks Forests = Require water for tree growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a use of soil?

    <p>To generate electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Aeroplane engines do not need air to function.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way people use rocks?

    <p>Mining for important minerals such as gold or diamonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Water is essential for _____ to drink and for washing.

    <p>humans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by the term 'abuse of resources'?

    <p>Overusing or damaging natural resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The amount of people on Earth is less than 5 billion.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each resource with its primary use:

    <p>Rocks = Electricity generation Soil = Growing food Air = Transport Water = Irrigation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What visible signs of pollution are noted in Figure 4.11?

    <p>Plastic bottles, bags, and other trash.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A landscape with significant erosion and a struggling single tree indicates _____ abuse of resources.

    <p>environmental</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following environmental issues with their descriptions:

    <p>Water pollution = Presence of trash and plastics in bodies of water Erosion = Loss of soil integrity and structure Deforestation = Removal of trees and vegetation from a landscape Desertification = Transformation of fertile land into desert</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one key disadvantage of building more dams?

    <p>They are high in cost.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dams are only used for storing water and do not serve any other purpose.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    By what year does South Africa require double its present water needs?

    <p>2030</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Water needs to be cleaned so that it is safe to _______.

    <p>drink</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following functions of dams with their descriptions:

    <p>Storing water = Keeps water available for various uses Controlling river flow = Regulates the amount of water in rivers Generating electricity = Produces power from water movement Pumping water = Delivers water through pipelines to communities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a river catchment?

    <p>The area drained by a main river and its tributaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Human activities within a catchment area have no impact on river water quality.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one way that human activity can damage a river catchment area.

    <p>Pollution from agricultural runoff</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Removing __________ from a river catchment can negatively impact river health.

    <p>vegetation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the human activity with its impact on river catchments:

    <p>Deforestation = Increases soil erosion Urbanization = Increases pollution runoff Agriculture = Contributes to chemical runoff Reforestation = Helps stabilize banks and improve water quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What organization was established to rehabilitate damaged wetlands?

    <p>Working for Wetlands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Seekoeivlei Nature Reserve is located in the eastern part of South Africa.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main type of wetland found in Seekoeivlei Nature Reserve?

    <p>Inland freshwater wetland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    By 2009, over _____ wetlands had been restored across the provinces by the Working for Wetlands organization.

    <p>95</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following aspects of Seekoeivlei Nature Reserve with their descriptions:

    <p>Historic drainage = Much of the wetland was drained for farming and grazing. Alien vegetation removal = Removed to support the return of indigenous flora. Birdwatching popularity = The area is now popular among birdwatchers. Management and protection = The area is now managed and protected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of South Africa's households have access to potable water?

    <p>88%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    South Africa receives an average yearly rainfall of 860 mm.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary challenge concerning water availability in South Africa?

    <p>Water scarcity due to high demand and low rainfall.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In South Africa, 21% of the country receives less than ______ mm of rain annually.

    <p>200</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following percentages with their corresponding water-related facts:

    <p>21% = Percentage of regions receiving less than 200 mm of rain annually 88% = Percentage of households with access to potable water 12% = Percentage of the population without access to clean water 450 mm = Average yearly rainfall in South Africa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key protein source provided by animals?

    <p>Meat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Animal products are low in protein and not important for tissue maintenance.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one way people use forests.

    <p>Lumber for construction or paper production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Animals help people with various tasks, such as pulling __________ on farms.

    <p>machines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following animal products with their uses:

    <p>Meat = Source of protein Eggs = Source of vitamins Milk = Source of calcium Wool = For clothing and textiles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an alternative to building more dams?

    <p>Constructing new dams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Repairing existing water supply systems can help increase water availability.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one method that can increase water availability without building more dams.

    <p>Using water more efficiently or recycling waste water or improving irrigation or repairing supply systems or storing water underground.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main reasons wetlands are considered vital in river catchments?

    <p>They filter and clean river water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Lesotho Highlands Water Project supplies __________ in South Africa with water.

    <p>dams and rivers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The destruction of wetlands in South Africa is primarily due to natural disasters.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following methods with their benefits for water availability:

    <p>Efficient water use = Reduces waste Recycling wastewater = Provides additional usable water Improved irrigation methods = Conserves water on farms Repairing water supply systems = Prevents water loss from leaks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one way in which wetlands help in flood prevention.

    <p>They absorb excess water after heavy rain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    50% of South Africa's wetlands have been destroyed due to __________ and urban development.

    <p>farming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following ways wetlands are damaged with their descriptions:

    <p>Draining wetlands = Creating fields for farming Pollution = Killing plants and harming water quality Removing vegetation = Reducing water-holding capacity Alien plants = Competing with native plants for resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Ways People Use Natural Resources

    • Rocks: Mining, heat and electricity generation, chemical production
    • Soil: Agriculture (food and forests), raising animals
    • Air: Transportation, waste disposal, powering machines
    • Water: Agriculture, drinking, washing, sewage removal, mining and industrial processes, fish habitat

    Importance of Dams and Water Cleaning and Distributing Systems

    • Dams store water for settlements, farms, and industry
    • Dams regulate river flow
    • Water can be transferred between dams
    • Dams generate electricity

    Building Dams

    • South Africa's water demand is projected to double by 2030
    • Building more dams is considered a solution to meet future water needs
    • Disadvantages of dam construction include high cost and potential impact on land and rivers

    Water Usage in South Africa

    • Less than 1% of Earth's water is freshwater
    • Water use sectors:
      • Farmers: 8% (irrigation, animal care)
      • Homes: 3% (washing, cleaning, sewage disposal)
      • Mines and industry: 27% (mineral extraction)
      • Forests: 62% (tree growth)

    Abuse of Resources

    • Overuse or harmful usage of natural resources is considered resource abuse

    River Catchment Damage

    • River catchment encompasses the area drained by a main river and its tributaries
    • Human activities within a catchment can impact water quality
    • Removing vegetation, deforestation, and pollution can negatively affect river health

    Seekoeivlei Nature Reserve

    • Wetlands are vital for filtering and cleaning water
    • Seekoeivlei Nature Reserve is a case study of wetland rehabilitation in South Africa
    • The reserve has been restored from damaged farmland to a thriving ecosystem

    Alternatives to Building More Dams

    • Efficient water usage and waste reduction
    • Wastewater recycling
    • Improved irrigation methods
    • Repairing water supply systems
    • Storing water underground

    River Health Programme (RHP)

    • Aims to protect and restore river ecosystems
    • Focuses on addressing human impacts on river catchments

    Disappearing Wetlands and Conservation

    • 50% of South Africa's wetlands have been destroyed
    • Causes of Wetland Damage: drainage for farming, urban development, vegetation removal, alien plant invasion, pollution
    • Conservation of wetlands is crucial for biodiversity and river health

    South Africa's Water Scarcity

    • South Africa is water-scarce, with uneven rainfall distribution and increasing population
    • Dams and water distribution systems are crucial for water supply
    • Water demand is expected to double by 2030

    Animals and Marine Life

    • Animals are a vital resource for food, protein, and other uses
    • Animals contribute to various tasks in agriculture and other industries

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    Description

    Explore the various ways people utilize natural resources such as rocks, soil, air, and water. This quiz also covers the significance of dams, the challenges of water management, and the projected water demand in South Africa. Test your knowledge on sustainable practices and resource management.

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