Natural Disasters: Earthquakes and Tsunamis

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What is the term used to describe divergent boundaries in continental regions?

Subduction zone

Sea floor spreading

Rift zones (correct)

Convergence boundaries

At what depths do earthquakes typically occur in rift zones?

10-15 km

5-10 km

2-8 km (correct)

15-20 km

What is the result of the Earth's unchanging size?

Crust is destroyed at about the same rate as it is created (correct)

Crust is destroyed at a slower rate than it is created

Crust is never destroyed or created

Crust is created at a faster rate than it is destroyed

What occurs when an oceanic plate converges with a continental plate?

The oceanic plate subducts under the continental plate Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feature of oceanic-continental convergence?

The rapid uplift of mountain ranges Signup and view all the answers

What happens when two oceanic plates converge?

The older plate is subducted under the younger plate Signup and view all the answers

What was the magnitude of the strongest recorded earthquake in the world?

9.5 Signup and view all the answers

How many people died in the Indian Ocean Tsunami of 2004?

At least 225,000 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of life and economic loss during earthquakes?

Inferior built environment Signup and view all the answers

When did the Moro Gulf earthquake occur?

17 August 1976 Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated range of economic impacts of earthquakes?

$100 million to $100 billion Signup and view all the answers

Can earthquakes be accurately predicted?

No, earthquakes cannot be predicted Signup and view all the answers

In what year was the Modified Mercalli Intensity scale developed?

1931 Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the instrument developed by J.Milne, J.Ewing, and T.Gray?

Milne seismograph Signup and view all the answers

What feature did Emil Weichert introduce in 1898 to improve seismograph accuracy?

Viscous damping mechanism Signup and view all the answers

Who developed one of the first devices that records relative motion between a pendulum and the shaking ground?

Filippo Cecchi Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the Russian seismologist who introduced a design that did away with the need for a mechanical linkage?

Boris Galitzin Signup and view all the answers

What is the oldest known record produced by Cecchi's instrument dated?

February 23, 1887 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of collecting intensity data in a region?

To develop a seismic risk map of a region or country Signup and view all the answers

What are the three features of shaking that intensity scales are based on?

Perception by people, performance of buildings, and changes to natural surroundings Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the intensity scale developed by Giuseppe Mercalli in 1902?

Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale (MMI) Signup and view all the answers

What factor does not affect the intensity of an earthquake?

Frequency of the seismic waves Signup and view all the answers

Who developed the Rossi-Forel Intensity Scale?

Michele Stefano Conte de Rossi and FrançoisAlphonse Forel Signup and view all the answers

How many intensity scales have been developed to evaluate the intensity of earthquakes?

At least 5 Signup and view all the answers

What is the magnitude of an earthquake based on?

The maximum amplitudes of body or surface seismic waves Signup and view all the answers

Natural Disasters: Earthquakes and Tsunamis

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