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Questions and Answers

What is primarily relied upon today to understand food?

  • Modern science (correct)
  • Traditional food practices
  • Historical studies
  • Personal experiences

    • What is the main focus of nutrition science?

  • The technological aspects of food preservation
  • The properties of food substances
  • The nourishment provided by food to the body (correct)
  • The process of food production

    • Which statement best describes the relationship between science and technology?

  • They are inseparable and interdependent. (correct)
  • Technology can exist without scientific findings.
  • Science applies only to natural phenomena.
  • Science is independent of technology.

    • What does food science primarily aim to achieve?

    <p>Invent new food products and methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes food from nutrients?

    <p>Foods are sources of nutrients but not nutrients themselves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes modern science?

    <p>Systematic and organized study</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which other sciences are mentioned as studying food production systems?

    <p>Agricultural science and environmental science</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does technology play in the context of food?

    <p>It manipulates nature for practical food-related purposes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are science and technology viewed in relation to culture?

    <p>Their interdependence is culturally recognized.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines technology in the food context?

    <p>Manipulation of nature for food production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines nutrients in foods?

    <p>They are chemically identified components that provide nourishment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which carbohydrates are considered digestible?

    <p>Sugars and starches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of nutrition science?

    <p>To understand food and its nutrient composition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many types of amino acids are known in living cells?

    <p>20</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a category of fats?

    <p>Trans fats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of vitamins are classified as fat soluble?

    <p>Vitamins A, D, E, K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mineral is not classified as a trace mineral?

    <p>Calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What represents a common misconception about foods?

    <p>All foods are composed of a single nutrient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a phytochemical mentioned?

    <p>Vitamin C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately reflects the complexity of the foods we eat?

    <p>Foods are complex sources of multiple nutrients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of technoscience as defined in the content?

    <p>It encompasses both intended and unintended consequences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the characteristic of materialism in modern sciences imply?

    <p>Living organisms are merely physical systems governed by matter's laws.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the concept of reductionism in the context of nutrition science?

    <p>Complex phenomena are reducible to their simplest physical and chemical components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of issues do technoscientific controversies related to food typically involve?

    <p>A blend of technical, social, political, and ethical issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it crucial to consider culture when studying nutrition science?

    <p>Understanding food requires integrating its political, economic, and cultural contexts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of food science does the content suggest should not be overlooked?

    <p>The political and social contexts surrounding food.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does experimentalism in modern sciences specifically emphasize?

    <p>Deriving scientific explanations from experimental support.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between nutrition science and food technoscience described in the content?

    <p>They share several characteristics of the modern sciences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The complexity of food, nutrient requirements, and metabolism signifies that they are mainly influenced by which of the following?

    <p>Cultural and societal factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which issue is NOT typically associated with technoscientific controversies in the context of food?

    <p>Cultural perceptions of food.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following pollutants is classified as a Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP)?

    <p>DDT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary process by which the concentration of a pollutant increases as it moves up the food chain?

    <p>Biomagnification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT classified as an intentional chemical contaminant?

    <p>PCBs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which heavy metal is specifically mentioned as an unintentional chemical contaminant?

    <p>Lead</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemical is known to be derived from plastic and has potential hormone-disrupting effects?

    <p>BPA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of pollutants are considered endocrine disruptors that can damage reproductive systems?

    <p>Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary risk associated with the accumulation of Persistent Organic Pollutants in the body?

    <p>Increased allergies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances is associated with pollution from industrial waste and acts as a chemical contaminant?

    <p>Methylmercury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sodium nitrites are known to form which potentially harmful compounds?

    <p>Nitrosamines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemical is associated with bioaccumulation in organisms due to its long environmental persistence?

    <p>PFOA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemical contaminant is primarily associated with cookware?

    <p>PFOA (perfluorooctanoic acid)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of chemical contaminant is associated with fire retardants?

    <p>PBDEs (polybrominated diphenyl ethers)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemical contaminant is linked to the production of vinyl chloride?

    <p>PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyl ethers), furans, and dioxins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the contaminant associated with old transformers.

    <p>PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyl ethers), furans, and dioxins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which food allergens are recognized as common triggers for immune responses?

    <p>Soy, milk, and tree nuts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes celiac disease's relation to allergens?

    <p>It is caused by gluten found in wheat and related grains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances is known to leach from plastic containers into food?

    <p>BPA (bisphenol-A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What health risks are associated with prolonged exposure to PCBs?

    <p>Reproductive issues and immune system effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of allergens is NOT commonly associated with food allergies?

    <p>Vegetables and fruits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of health risks are posed by contaminants like PFOA?

    <p>Long-term endocrine disruption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following pollutants is classified as having a long-lasting effect on ecosystems due to its persistence in the environment?

    <p>Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern related to the accumulation of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in human health?

    <p>Endocrine system disruption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemical compound is a known byproduct of cooking with Teflon cookware?

    <p>Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances is considered an intentional chemical contaminant?

    <p>Pesticides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances is NOT classified as an unintentional chemical contaminant?

    <p>Fungicides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does bioamplification refer to in environmental science?

    <p>The increase of pollutant concentration up the food chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which heavy metal is commonly recognized as a toxic unintentional contaminant in food sources?

    <p>Methylmercury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following practices is essential for preventing the accumulation of toxic compounds in the food supply?

    <p>Awareness and regulation of Persistent Organic Pollutants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of chemical contaminant is primarily linked to the use of certain agricultural chemicals?

    <p>Pesticides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemical is primarily associated with hormonal disruption in livestock?

    <p>Synthetic estrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemical contaminant is commonly associated with the use of non-stick cookware?

    <p>PFOA (perfluorooctanoic acid)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contaminant is closely linked to the production of modern fire retardants?

    <p>PBDEs (polybrominated diphenyl ethers)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following contaminants is not commonly derived from the degradation of older electrical equipment?

    <p>PFOA (perfluorooctanoic acid)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which contaminant is typically generated during the manufacture of polyvinyl chloride (PVC)?

    <p>PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common allergen found in many food products?

    <p>Gluten</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemical contaminant has been used in older fire retardant formulations?

    <p>PBDEs (polybrominated diphenyl ethers)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which dietary allergen is associated with an anomalous immune response in sensitive individuals?

    <p>Shellfish</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chemical is associated with leaching from plastic containers, potentially affecting human health?

    <p>BPA (bisphenol-A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following chemical substances is primarily derived from the release of industrial pollutants?

    <p>PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following reactions is triggered when an allergen comes into contact with a sensitized individual's immune system?

    <p>Anaphylaxis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Course Information

    • Course name: NATS1560: Understanding Food
    • Course instructor: Angela Cope
    • Course contact email: [email protected]

    Learning Objectives

    • Define science and technology and explain how they relate to food
    • Describe the main characteristics of modern science
    • Define nutrition science and food science & technology
    • Differentiate between foods and nutrients
    • Preview human nutritional needs

    Understanding Food

    • Modern science is used to understand food
    • Food production and processing rely heavily on industrial technology
    • Nutrition science studies how food provides nourishment
    • Food science/technology research food properties to create/improve food products and preservation methods
    • Other fields like agricultural and environmental science also study food production systems

    Science and Technology

    • Science is the systematic study of the natural world, producing knowledge.
    • Technology manipulates nature for practical purposes, creating artifacts and systems.
    • Science and technology are social processes with defined knowledge, training, organization, and interactions.
    • They are closely linked, often referred to as "technoscience"
    • Technoscience has significant consequences (good and bad, intended and unintended)
    • Often creates technical, social, political, and ethical controversies

    Science and Technology Meet Food

    • Nutrition science and food technoscience share modern science characteristics
    • Materialism: living organisms are physical systems governed by laws of matter and energy.
    • Reductionism: complex phenomena are reducible to interactions of simple components (atoms, molecules)
    • Experimentalism: scientific explanations are derived and tested through experiments.
    • Food technoscience faces many technical, social, political, and ethical issues.

    Importance of Understanding Food

    • Food, nutrient requirements, and metabolism are complex.
    • Food is integrated into culture.
    • Nutrition science, while reductionist and materialist, is incomplete without considering the whole political, economic, cultural, and social context when studying food.

    Foods and Nutrients

    • Foods are substances we eat.
    • Nutrients are the chemically identified parts of food that provide nourishment
    • Most foods are composed of numerous nutrients, not simple combinations.
    • Nutrition aims to understand nutrients required for a healthy diet, including specific quantities and functions.

    Human Nutrients

    • Water is essential
    • Carbohydrates (simple and complex, digestible and indigestible)
    • Fats (saturated, unsaturated)
    • Proteins (many different types from amino acids)
    • Minerals (major and trace)
    • Vitamins (water and fat soluble)
    • Phytochemicals (still under study)

    Review Questions

    • What is an example of a food?
    • What is an example of a nutrient?
    • How are nutrients related to foods?
    • What are the nutrients our bodies use for energy?

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    Related Documents

    NATS1560: Understanding Food Week 1 Part 1 Science and Technology Lecture Notes PDF
    Food Gone Bad Lecture 5.2 PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the relationship between science, technology, and food with this quiz for NATS1560. Explore key concepts like nutrition science and the processing of food. Assess your understanding of the characteristics and significance of modern science in food production.

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