Nasopharynx Structure and Function

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What type of epithelium is found in the nasopharynx?

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium (correct)
Cuboidal epithelium

What is the primary function of the uvula of the soft palate?

To regulate breathing
To block material from the oral cavity and oropharynx from entering the nasopharynx (correct)
To aid in swallowing
To produce sound

What type of epithelium is found in the oropharynx and laryngopharynx?

Cuboidal epithelium
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium (correct)

What is the function of the lymphatic organs in the oropharynx?

To provide the first line of defense against ingested or inhaled foreign materials (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which tonsils are located at the base of the tongue?

Lingual tonsils (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the boundary between the oropharynx and the laryngopharynx?

The hyoid bone (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the epiglottis in the larynx?

To prevent food and drink from entering the airway (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the vocal folds also known as?

True vocal cords (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of cartilage forms the epiglottis?

Elastic cartilage (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cricoid cartilage?

To form the framework of the larynx (B) Signup and view all the answers

What nerves are responsible for innervating the larynx?

Recurrent laryngeal nerves of the Vagus (A) Signup and view all the answers

What would be the result of damaging both recurrent laryngeal nerves?

Can only whisper (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the internal ridge formed by the most inferior tracheal cartilage?

Carina (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the trachealis muscle?

to decrease the diameter of the trachea (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of epithelium found in the mucous membrane of the trachea?

Pseudostratified epithelium (A) Signup and view all the answers

At what level does the trachea branch into the primary bronchi in a living, standing person?

T7 (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the bronchial tree?

To conduct air to the lungs (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the right primary bronchus compared to the left primary bronchus?

It is shorter and wider (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of each lung?

Conical (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of surfactant in the alveolus?

Decreases tension (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells form the lining of the alveolus?

Type I cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the region at the top of the lung that projects superiorly to a point above the clavicle?

Apex (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of alveolar macrophages?

Engulf and digest foreign particles (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the surface of the lung that is in contact with the thoracic wall?

Costal surface (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of intercostal muscles?

To keep the thorax stiff and prevent collapse (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles is not involved in forced inspiration?

Pectoralis major (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the rib cage during quiet expiration?

It drops under the force of gravity (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which muscles are primarily responsible for forced expiration?

Abdominal wall muscles (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between pressure and volume according to Boyle's Law?

Pressure decreases as volume increases (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the elastic fibers in the lung recoiling during quiet expiration?

A decrease in lung volume (C) Signup and view all the answers