Nanoparticle Corrosion Inhibitors
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Questions and Answers

What was used as a co-stabilizer during the miniemulsion polymerization?

  • CeO2 nanoparticles
  • Sodium bicarbonate
  • Octadecyl acrylate (correct)
  • Azobisisobutyronitrile

    • What was the purpose of using distilled water in all reactions?

  • To ensure high purity in reactions (correct)
  • To maintain pH levels
  • To prevent corrosion
  • To dissolve the monomers

    • Which thermal initiator was used in the synthesis process?

  • AIBN (correct)
  • Ammonium hydroxide
  • Hydrochloric acid
  • Sodium bicarbonate

    • For how long were the crystals ground after the solvent was evaporated?

    <p>48 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the concentration of the NaCl solution used for the corrosion test?

    <p>3.5 wt%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component was used as a degreasing agent for the steel substrates?

    <p>UniClean 251</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What pH value was targeted when preparing the aqueous phase?

    <p>7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following materials is listed as a supplier of the CeO2 nanoparticles?

    <p>ALTANA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of incorporating CeO2 nanoparticles in the waterborne binders?

    <p>To enhance the anticorrosion performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of polymerization method was used to synthesize the biobased binders?

    <p>Batch miniemulsion polymerization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was monitored alongside the EIS measurement?

    <p>Open circuit potential (OCP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which monomers were used in the synthesis of the biobased binders?

    <p>2-octyl acrylate and isobornyl methacrylate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the phosphate polymerizable surfactant play in the binder formulation?

    <p>It facilitates the formation of functionalized latexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What electrolyte concentration was used in the films during the experiment?

    <p>3.5 wt% NaCl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the potential value obtained for both systems after 10 hours?

    <p>$-0.50/-0.55 V$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is created between the metal and the polymer upon application of the binders?

    <p>A thin phosphatization layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum biobased content of the binders mentioned in the study?

    <p>70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long was the EIS measurement performed after provoking the defect?

    <p>1 hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What issue does the application of these binders help to avoid when applied to steel?

    <p>Flash rust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the condition of the films prior to the EIS measurement?

    <p>They had a defect that was provoked.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did the NaCl electrolyte likely play in the experiment?

    <p>To enhance the corrosion rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which department is POLYMAT's research focused according to the authors?

    <p>Applied Chemistry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the potential value monitored in this experiment?

    <p>It reflects the corrosion behavior of the films.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How might the initial potential value impact the results of the EIS measurement?

    <p>It helps indicate the onset of corrosion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the reference electrode in the electrode configuration described?

    <p>To provide a stable reference potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the Tg of the used polymer required to be below the application temperature?

    <p>To ensure the film forms coherently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the frequency range used during the EIS measurements?

    <p>100 kHz to 10 mHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the mass ratio of 2-OA to IBOMA used in the synthesis of the copolymer?

    <p>58.5/41.5 wt%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic effect does a high Tg have on a coating formulation?

    <p>It improves dirt pick up resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main benefit of utilizing biobased latexes in coatings?

    <p>They contribute to sustainability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about the use of 2-OA and IBOMA in this study?

    <p>They are the only monomers in the coating formulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often were the EIS measurements conducted during the OCP monitoring?

    <p>Once per hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the minimum impedance value indicating exhaustion of corrosion inhibition?

    <p>1 × 10^5 Ωcm2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which time period was a steady state value maintained above 5 × 10^6 Ωcm2?

    <p>13 to 94 h</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the presence of CeO2 nanoparticles in the coatings primarily influence?

    <p>Delay of corrosion onset</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was indicated by the localized electrochemical techniques with respect to corrosion activity?

    <p>Corrosion activity is limited to the vicinity of the defective area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the CeO2-Bioacrylic binder with an artificial defect after prolonged immersion in NaCl solution?

    <p>It loses its protective capability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was observed in the Bode plots of the CeO2-Bioacrylic binder?

    <p>A drop indicating exhaustion of corrosion inhibition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What solution was used to test the corrosion inhibition capabilities?

    <p>3.5 wt% NaCl solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the effect of corrosion inhibition after 94 hours of exposure?

    <p>Initially effective, then diminished</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the observed impedance modulus (|Z|) for both neat and hybrid films at low frequency (0.01 Hz) after 1 hour of exposure?

    <p>$10^9 - 10^{10} , \Omega cm^2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After 41 days of exposure, how did the impedance of the Bioacrylic film change?

    <p>It decreased to a value around $10^8 \Omega cm^2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor is attributed to the improved long-term durability of the hybrid coating?

    <p>The presence of CeO2 nanoparticles blocking electrolyte diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic was noted about the hybrid film compared to acrylic waterborne coatings?

    <p>It offered better barrier protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For how long were the films evaluated for their impedance behavior?

    <p>1 hour and 41 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What conclusion can be drawn about the performance of the hybrid coating over time?

    <p>Its performance diminished after 41 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What behavior was observed for both films at the beginning of the exposure period?

    <p>A capacitive behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What electrolyte were the coatings exposed to during the study?

    <p>NaCl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Assessing the Effect of CeO2 Nanoparticles as Corrosion Inhibitors

    • CeO2 nanoparticles were incorporated into waterborne binders with high biobased content (up to 70%) to evaluate their anticorrosion performance for direct-to-metal coatings.
    • Biobased binders were synthesized by batch miniemulsion polymerization of 2-octyl acrylate and isobornyl methacrylate monomers using a phosphate polymerizable surfactant (Sipomer PAM200).
    • This process resulted in phosphate-functionalized latexes.
    • The functionalized polymer particles interacted with steel, creating a phosphatization layer, preventing flash rust.
    • CeO2 nanoparticles were homogeneously distributed in the polymer film.
    • Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) measurements showed significant anticorrosion performance for steel substrates coated with the hybrid polymer film (30-40 µm thick).
    • After 41 days (approximately 1000 hours) of immersion in NaCl water solution, the coatings exhibited high barrier corrosion resistance.
    • The CeO2 nanoparticles demonstrated active inhibition capabilities.
    • This work demonstrated a sustainable hybrid anticorrosion waterborne coating using bio-based monomers.

    Materials and Methods

    • Materials: Isosorbide methacrylate (IBOMA), 2-octyl acrylate (2-OA), azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), Sipomer PAM200, octadecyl acrylate, CeO2 nanoparticles, and steel substrates were used.
    • Synthesis: Two types of latexes were prepared: 1) Bioacrylic, and 2) CeO2-Bioacrylic, by batch miniemulsion polymerization (recipe in Table 1).
    • Characterization: Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) was used to measure the z-average diameter of miniemulsion droplets and final polymer particles. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analyzed the morphology of the final latex particles and cryo-sections of coatings.

    Results and Discussion

    • Latex and Film Characterization: Latexes were characterized. No significant difference in average size between initial miniemulsion droplets and final polymer particles was observed, indicating successful miniemulsion polymerization. Analysis showed CeO2 nanoparticles distributed well in polymers but some coagulation was noted in Bioacrylic-CeO2 films.
    • Water Sensitivity: Water uptake values and contact angle measurements were recorded over time. The hybrid film showed similar hydrophobicity to the non-CeO2 containing film.
    • Corrosion Properties: EIS tests were carried out to analyze the impact of CeO2 nanoparticles. The hybrid film exhibited better barrier properties than the non-CeO2 film, with a more stable response through 41 days of exposure to NaCl solution.
    • Defects and Additional analysis: Artificial defects in both types of films were created with a laser to analyze behavior in those zones. This analysis also supported the role of CeO2 nanoparticles in enhancing the anticorrosion properties.

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    Related Documents

    Assessing the Effect of CeO2 Nanoparticles as Corrosion Inhibitor in Hybrid Biobased Coatings - PDF

    Description

    Explore the use of CeO2 nanoparticles in enhancing the anticorrosion performance of biobased binders in direct-to-metal coatings. This quiz delves into the synthesis of functionalized latexes, their interaction with steel, and the results of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) testing. Test your knowledge about the effectiveness of these nanoparticles in preventing rust.

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